Imf prop Flashcards
Trigonal pyramidal
one lone pair causes push
three covalent
107 angle
linear
2 atoms only or 2 colvalent bonds no lone pair on central atom
tetrahedral
0 lone pairs
4 covalent bonds
y can be any atom in 7a or H
angle is 109.5
trigonal planar
0 lone pairs
3 covalent bonds
120 angle
bent
2 covalent bonds
2 lone pairs
angle 105
Intermolecular forces
H bond(H-NOF)
Dipole interaction
London dispersion forces
LDF def
an accidental induced dipole b/c of constant motion of the electrons every molecule has the potential to have london disperion forces
weakest IMF1
Dipole interaction Def
Between 2 poalr molecules w/no H-NOF
Hydrogen bond
between 2 polar molecules containinh H-NOF
what determines the phsycial and chemical of compounds
WHat they are made of
strength of bonds
molecular geomertry
Like dissolves
like
phases
solid liquid gas
high boiling point
strong bond
high Melting point
strong bond
high surface tension
strong bond
high vapor pressure
weak bond
high heat capacity
strong
high heat capacity
strong
bond strength order
Network Covalent
Ionic
Covalent
Mettalic
stronger bond
more effort/energy/work to break it
what breaks when ionic is dissolved
ionic bonds and lattice crystal 2 breaks into ions
what breaks when molecular is disolved
IMF break into molecules
Network Covalent
Stronger then single covalent
charcoal graphie diamonds SiO2 SiC Abestos
Insol
Many covalent bonds rpeating long chains or layers stronfest of all bonds
highest vapor pressure
covalent
ionic finding bondstrength
- magnitude of charges (add up e-)
- larger size if same magnitude
metallic finding bondstrength
- sea of electron sizd ( bigger amount of e- lost)
- size greater effective nuclear charge smaller
Molecualr comp bondstrenghth
- compare imf
- size- larger= strong bond
Ionic compound
M&NM
transfer of e-
posititve charge- cation metal
negative charge - anion nonmetal
Ionic property
crystalline solids at rt
high mp and bp
conduct electricity when molten or aqueous
greatest ionic character
Molecular property
NM+NM
share e-
do not conduct electricity
solid liquid gasses
low mp and bp
polar
nonmetals of unequal strength
do not share e- equally
one slightly neg with more electronegativity one slightly pos
Nonpolar
two nonmetal atoms are the same time and share the bonding electrons equally because they have the same electronegativity
Polar Molecule
A molecule whos structure has oppositely charged sides witha dipole. High in ionic character due to prtially charged poles on the molecules
Nonpolar molecule
Either the molecular strucutre has no oppositely charged poles or the poles cancel eachother out
little ionic character
Strongest bond
covalent bonds molecules do not break apart into smaller particles ithout being involved in chemcial reactions
Metallic solid
cations held together in a sea of valance electrobs
the larger the sea of electrons the stronger the bond is if 2 metals have the sme charge, then depends on the atomic radii. Smaller metals with fewer occupied levels have greater effective nuclear charge and strong bonds
single bond
weakest longest
sigma
double bond
stronger shorter
sigma pi
triple bond
strongest shortest sigma pi pi
