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International Media Community > IMC Summary - Guest Lecture > Flashcards

IMC Summary - Guest Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general trends for media in the future?

A

The future is no longer about digital transformation, but about the transformation of digital.

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2
Q

What are the effects of economical crisis on media?

A

Disrupted supply chains, cost of living, and uncertain job market.

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3
Q

How have recent crises affected media usage and production?

A

Interlocking crises including economical, ecological, socio-political, and individual crises have disrupted supply chains, led to content reduction for newspapers, and caused extreme paper crunch.

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4
Q

What are the effects of ecological crisis on media?

A

Climate change and depletion of resources.

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5
Q

What are the effects of socio-political crisis on media?

A

War, polarisation, growing inequality, and loss of trust in news.

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6
Q

What are the effects of individual crisis on media?

A

Chronic loneliness, identity issues, and anxiety among Gen Z.

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7
Q

What is the impact of recent crises on digital publications?

A

56% of subscribers canceled a subscription in 2023, down from 63% in 2022.

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8
Q

What is the impact of recent crises on newspapers?

A

Content reduction or hard switch to digital due to extreme paper crunch.

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9
Q

What is the concern highlighted by the Edelman Trust Barometer?

A

67% of people worry that journalists and reporters are purposely trying to mislead people by saying things they know are false or gross exaggerations.

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10
Q

What is the level of anxiety among Gen Z according to McKinsey & Company?

A

Gen Z are the most anxious generation to date.

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11
Q

What are some stressors that fuel anxiety for Gen Zers?

A

Unemployment, climate change, technology, and other stressors.

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12
Q

Where do Gen Zers increasingly turn to for mental health resources?

A

Platforms like TikTok.

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13
Q

What initiatives aim to develop more solutions-focused journalism?

A

Solutions Story Tracker and Solutions Journalism Accelerator.

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14
Q

What is the first truly mobile and social generation coming of age?

A

Gen Z

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15
Q

What are some aspects redefining the media for Gen Z?

A

Self-expression, community-building, and mobile technology.

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16
Q

What has been the only device whose adoption rate still increases in the past 5 years?

A

Mobile

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17
Q

What is shaping new media moments for Gen Z?

A

Mobile phones and video apps.

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18
Q

What is the battle for attention and experience related to Gen Z?

A

Curated content, recommendation by experts, and limited catalog.

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18
Q

What are some characteristics of the shift to new platforms for Gen Z?

A

Move away from giant platforms, focus on fostering communities, and possibilities for monetization.

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19
Q

What is the impact of TikTok on other platforms?

A

Other platforms copy TikTok (Meta, Instagram Reels, Twitter…)

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20
Q

What is the main purpose of podcasting for the majority of listeners?

A

To alleviate stress of daily life.

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20
Q

What percentage of GenZ considers personally relevant content more important?

A

67%

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21
Q

What percentage of 18-24 year olds use TikTok?

A

63%

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22
Q

What is the challenge in the growing share of podcasting?

A

Funds/money.

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23
Q

What is the main challenge in the development of immersive technology?

A

Expertise needed.

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24
Q

According to meta, how will media evolve in the future?

A

To its most natural & immersive form, not flat & mobile but rather always on, lifelike & immersive.

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25
Q

What is the prediction about the future of AI and Automation?

A

Everything can be automated & will be automated.

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26
Q

What do more than 75% of news executives consider critical for the success of their business by 2024?

A

Artificial Intelligence.

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27
Q

What is the main focus of AI / Artificial Intelligence?

A

Link different media processes.

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28
Q

What are the three types of AI mentioned?

A

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

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29
Q

What has jumped forward in AI creation?

A

Generative AI

30
Q

What do users want in terms of their experience with multiple services?

A

A unified experience and they hate friction.

30
Q

What are some characteristics of Generative AI?

A

Disruptive, rapidly accelerating, requires new skillsets, and can handle images, text, audio & video.

31
Q

What has the digital era done to the connection between media and distribution?

A

Blurred the lines and caused an explosion of hybrid formats.

32
Q

According to the Hub Research study, what percentage of users think having access to multiple services via a single device makes the viewing experience better?

A

91%

33
Q

How can content providers add value?

A

By bundling content and catering to ‘superusers’.

34
Q

What are some key initiatives related to privacy and control?

A

Initiatives like solid = control & transparency.

35
Q

What is Web 3.0 focused on in terms of monetization?

A

Possibilities for monetization and NFT (Non-Fungible Token) thriving on digital scarcity, ownership & access.

36
Q

How does blockchain contribute to transparency?

A

Blockchain provides transparency through decentralization.

37
Q

What is the growing market opportunity in media?

A

The group of digital seniors is growing, and so is their spending.

38
Q

What to expect when working in media?

A

Talent is rare, and a wide skillset is needed, more than expertise.

39
Q

What is intersectionality in the context of identity?

A

Intersectionality refers to how different identity characteristics intersect, such as violence against women of color and the gap between white and black women.

40
Q

How is media studied in cultural studies?

A

Media is studied as ideological, not reflecting but co-constructing norms, values, and beliefs in society.

41
Q

What is the definition of symbolic annihilation in media?

A

The absence of representation or underrepresentation of some group of people in media based on race, gender, sexual orientation, etc.

42
Q

How are stereotypes used in social categorization?

A

To make sense of the world and consolidate social hierarchies.

43
Q

What is the Bechdel test and what does it measure?

A

It measures the representation of women in media by checking if a film has at least 2 women with a name, who have a conversation with each other about something other than a man.

44
Q

What is the concept of ‘reversing stereotypes’ in media representation?

A

It involves countering the original image and presenting positive images to promote difference and diversity as positive.

45
Q

What is the concept of hegemonic masculinity in media representation?

A

It refers to the cultural ideal and privileged position of masculinity.

45
Q

What is the focus of second wave feminism in relation to media representation?

A

It is also about symbolic definitions of femininity and increased attention to gender, stereotypes, ideology, and pornography.

46
Q

What is the concept of Pariah femininity in media representation?

A

Hegemonic masculinity performed by women

47
Q

What is the concept of hegemonic femininity in media representation?

A

complementary to hegemonic masculinity

48
Q

What is the portrayal of gendered relationships according to the heterosexual script?

A

Women are objectified as sexual objects for male pleasure, and there is a controlling male character which the audience identifies with and a controlled passive female character which audiences look at.

48
Q

How are women often portrayed in terms of personality and occupations?

A

As less physically and verbally aggressive, more fearful, polite, frail, romantic, family-oriented, and nurturing.

48
Q

How do gender ideologies shape the production process of popular culture?

A

By underrepresenting women in key professions across different media industries and promoting male-oriented professional practices.

49
Q

What are common representations of women in news coverage?

A

Focus on physical appearance, beauty, thinness, sexual appeal, and being judged by their appearance.

50
Q

How is race and ethnicity defined in the context of media production?

A

Race as a social construction and ethnicity as a cultural concept centered on sharing norms, values, beliefs, cultural symbols, practices, shared history, culture, and language.

51
Q

What are the focuses in terms of negotiating capitalist logic in media production?

A

Structural aspects, regulatory aspects, and technological aspects such as racialization of technologies

52
Q

What is the dominance in terms of professionals in front of and behind the screen?

A

Dominance of White professionals in media production.

53
Q

What pressures are experienced by ethnic minority workers in predominantly white media environments?

A

The pressure to represent minority points of view and the burden of speaking for their communities.

54
Q

How are Black, Asian, Latina, and Native American women often represented in media?

A

As oversexed fantasy objects, angry, provoking, desexualized, exotic, and sexualized.

55
Q

What stereotypes are associated with the representation of Asian women in media?

A

Lotus blossom stereotype and Dragon lady stereotype.

55
Q

What needs to be done regarding whiteness in media representation?

A

Whiteness needs to be made strange.

56
Q

What is the ‘Pocahontas Paradox’ in media representation?

A

The representation of Native American women as strong, beautiful, exotic, and sexualized, often in relation to white men.

57
Q

How are black men often represented in media?

A

As violent, sexually aggressive, stupid, and a threat to white women.

58
Q

How are men of other races often represented in media?

A

As foreigners, desexualized, effeminate, secretive, villains, lazy, and sexual, exotic, savages or as sidekicks to the white protagonists.

59
Q

What is sexual identity?

A

The social construction of and identification with a specific sexual orientation (homosexual, lesbian, pansexual, asexual).

60
Q

What does homophobia and -negativity relate to?

A

It is related to heteronormativity in society at large.

60
Q

What does homonormativity seek?

A

Inclusion into heteronormative society by granting access to heteronormative institutions without questioning heteronormativity.

61
Q

What is ageism?

A

Discrimination, stereotypes & prejudice based on (any) age.

62
Q

What is ableism?

A

People without disability as the ‘standard’.

63
Q

What is disableism?

A

Discrimination toward people with disability.

64
Q

How are working class individuals often represented in media?

A

As inferior, mocking lifestyle.

65
Q

What do identities as socially constructed reflect in media?

A

They reflect certain ideologies, particularly of those in charge in creative industries.

66
Q

What does it mean to ‘other’ certain groups in the media?

A

To underrepresent or stereotype them.

67
Q

How can media be a force for change in terms of representation?

A

By challenging stereotypes and providing different well-rounded representations.

68
Q

What is needed to promote diversity in media production?

A

Diversity in production.

International Media Community (2 decks)

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