- Conus artery - Sinus node artery - Right atrial branches - Right ventricular branches - Posterior descending artery (PDA) aka posterior interventricular artery (PIV)

- Left anterior descending artery (LAD) - Left circumflex artery (LCX)

Imaging Procedures Flashcards by DongHyun Kim

Gray / white matter Window

100 / 35

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Hemorrhage / hematoma Window

150 / 75

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Acute ischemia Window

25 / 35

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Brain CTA Landmark

C2 through at least 1 cm above dorsum sella

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Brain CTA Scan delay (when BT is not used)

12 - 20 sec

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Acute Stroke Protocol

1) Precontrast head CT
2) CTA of the brain and carotid arteries
3) CT perfusion (CTP) imaging

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Cerebral blood volume (CBV)

4 - 5 mL/100g

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Cerebral blood flow (CBF)

50 - 60 mL/100g/min

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Mean transit time (MTT)

Varies

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CBF Formula

CBV / MTT

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Mathematical technique for generation of perfusion maps

Deconvolution

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Soft tissue neck Landmark

Superior orbital rim through lung apex

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Larynx Landmark

Just above hyoid through cricoid cartilage

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Soft tissue neck Scan delay

30 - 60 sec

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Carotid CTA Landmark

Aortic arch through skull base

For COW, through at least 1 cm above dorsum sella

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Carotid CTA Scan delay (when BT is not used)

15 - 18 sec

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CTPA Scan delay (when BT is not used)

20 - 25 sec

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CAC Score

1 to 10: Minimal
11 to 100: Mild
101 to 400: Moderate
>400: Extensive

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Main branches of RCA

Conus artery
Sinus node artery
Right atrial branches
Right ventricular branches
Posterior descending artery (PDA) aka posterior interventricular artery (PIV)

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Main branches of LCA

Left anterior descending artery (LAD)

- Left circumflex artery (LCX)

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CAC Landmark

Aortic arch through cardiac base

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CCTA Landmark

Carina through base of heart

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CTA Aorta Landmark

Base of neck through celiac trunk

May extend superiorly to include carotid arteries or inferiorly through bifurcation and iliac arteries

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Right arm

Carotid CTA, CTA Aorta

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"Triple rule-out" MDCT Procedure

- CCTA for coronary artery disease - CTA of the aorta for aneurysm - CTA of the pulmonary arteries for embolism

CT density of normal hepatic parenchyma

45 to 65 HU

CT density of Spleen

about 10 HU less than liver

CT density Adrenal glands

25 to 40 HU

Example of Liver CT

1) Non con 2) Early arterial phase 3) Arterial phase 3) Portal venous phase 4) Delayed phase

Preferred timing for Spleen CT

Portal venous phase (60-70 sec), more homogeneous

Example of Pancreas CT

Water as oral contrast 1) Non con 2) Arterial phase 3) Pancreatic (delayed arterial) phase 4) Venous phase

Example of Adrenal glands CT

1) Non con 2) Portal venous phase 3) Delayed phase

Sheath of connective tissue that enveloped and supports kidneys

Gerota's fascia

Epithelial lining for urinary tract

Urothelium

Genitourinary system Landmark

Above kidneys through base of bladder | May include above diaphragm

Example of Kidney and Urinary tract CT

Water or positive oral contrast 1) Non con 2) Arterial phase 3) Corticomedullary (delayed arterial) phase 4) Nephrographic phase 5) Excretory phase

GI system Landmark

Above diaphragm through pubis symphysis | May begin higher for esophageal pathology

Duodenum is suspended from the diaphragm by:

Ligament of Treitz

CTA Aorta (Body) Landmark

Above the arch through common iliac arteries

Bowel cleansing agents

Polyethylene glycol and Magnesium citrate

Spinal cord tapers into the:

Conus medullaris

Nerve bundle extending inferiorly from the spinal cord

Cauda equina

Primary goal of CTP

Identify and differentiate infarct core and penumbra (evaluation of acute stroke)

Uses water for oral contrast

- Pancreas - Biliary - Kidneys and urinary tract (positive contrast may be used) - CTA Aorta (Body)

Peripheral CTA (Runoff) Landmark

Just below diaphragm to below ankles

FDG dose

10 - 15 millicuries (mCi)

Least heart motion occurs from approximately:

55 - 77% of the R-R interval

Peritoneum

- Stomach - Small bowel (only part of duodenum) - Transverse colon - Liver and gallbladder - Spleen - Ovaries

Retroperitoneum

- Duodenum - Pancreas - Adrenal glands - Kidneys, ureter, and bladder - Aorta and inferior vena cava - Prostate - Uterus

Gallbladder and biliary tree Phases

Dual phase - Arterial - Portal venous

Ileus

Area of intestine that has lost normal contractile motion, resulting in obstruction

Abdominal aorta divides into right and left common iliac arteries at level of:

CT Enterography, CT Enteroclysis (if applicable) Scan delay

45 - 50 sec | Early portal venous phase

Common iliac artery bifurcates at level of ______ into internal and external iliac arteries

L5 to S1

Glucose level before injection of FDG should be below:

150 mg/dL

Simple cyst HU

0 - 20 HU

Infarct core CBV

Less than 2.5 mL/100g

Hyperdense cyst HU

25 - 90 HU

Maxium dosage of IV contrast

2 mL per kg of body weight

In CAC areas of calcium have HU above:

130

Technical parameter controlling CT system's temporal resolution

Gantry rotation time

Typical delay for GI system

Portal venous phase

Mesentric vasculature dual phase

Arterial and Portal venous phases

Colonoscopy Window

1600 / -400 (similar to lung)

Typical delay for Spine (if needed)

Portal venous phase

Delay for spine to assess vertebral arteries

Arterial or Dual phase