Imaging Deck

Question 1

Populations at higher risk for imaging

Answer 1

• Young
• female
• pregnant
• Those with renal illness
• Thyroid illness

Question 2

What is an MRI

Answer 2

• 3D MR
• x<1mm
• differentiates tissues by water conent+ arrangement
• Gadolinium highlights areas of inflammation also used for angiography
• Very toxic can amuse metals to move in body
• Use brain+ spinal cord

Question 3

What is nuclear medicine

Answer 3

-Administer radiological dye to help add contrast for 3D imaging
-x>1mm so less fine
-less radiation than a CT
Ex, myocardium, pulmonary embolism

Question 4

How does pregnancy impact imaging

Answer 4

• young women + young pregnant women are exceptionally susceptible to radiation poisoning
• MRIs can cause stillbirth+neonatal death, deformity
• Gadolinium; still birth, neonatal death, rheumatological+ inflammatory disease

Question 5

What is a CT +- contrast

Answer 5

-3D X-ray
-visualize down to 1mm
-contrast shows areas of increase blood flow or inflammation
-Highly toxic
-use; trauma, brain, tumors
Ex: PE

Question 6

What are considered gold standards

Answer 6

Autopsy + surgery assays

Question 7

What is angiography used for today?

Answer 7

Therapy than diagnostic

-used for embolization and dilation of narrow arteries

Question 8

How does thyroid disease impact imaging

Answer 8

• IV constraint for angio or CT contains high levels of iodine
• may cause hyper-hypoparathyroidism
• patients can use iodine for several years afterwards

Question 9

What are some problems with imaging

Answer 9

Radiation leading to cancer

Question 10

What influences radiation risk

Answer 10

• Age
• Gender
• Site(abd CT has 20x our allowed radiological level)
• Underlying cancer risk

Question 11

What can cause nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

Answer 11

• gadolinium agents on MRI contrast
• increase risk with patients who have creating clearance of less than 50
• highest risk amongst dialysis patients

Question 12

What is an incidentaloma?

Answer 12

Due to the extremely fine imaging of new machines they are picking up things that in reality would never cause disease and exposing patients to even more testing

Question 13

How does nephropathy impact imaging

Answer 13

• contrast dye has a very low risk for permenant real failure so patients who already in renal failure should not be given CTs
• risk factors: renal disease, diabetes, dehydration

Question 14

What is a angiography

Answer 14

-X-ray with intravascular contrast 2D or 3D
-visualization down to 1mm
-visualize blood vessel rupture from surrounding tissues
-Moderate toxicity because of radiological contrast
-usage; atherosclerosis from bleeding.l
Ex; Aortic dissection