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Cardiovascular 2 > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What is the target HR calculation, based on age?

A

(220-Age) x 0.85 = target HR

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2
Q

What pre-existing conditions may screw up the cardiac stress test?

A

if the pt already has baseline ST segment abnormalities

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3
Q

What must you do in conjunction to the EKG stress test to bring the results to 90%?

A

radionucleotide imaging

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4
Q

This is the version of thallium that u use right after exercise, as it works by being transported into the myocytes by the Na/K ATPase.

A

Thallium-201 (201Tl)

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5
Q

What will show up on the thallium-201 scan if the myocute is scarred (like in an MI) or ischemic?

A

The thallium is not taken up

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6
Q

True or False: Thallium-201 redistributes so you can further classify cold spots when you image them 3-4 hours after exercise.

A

True

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7
Q

What is it called when a previous cold spot “fills in” after 3-4 hours?

A

Hibernating myocardium

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8
Q

And what if the previous cold spot does not fill in after 3-4 hours? What’s that called?

A

Fixed defect

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9
Q

This is the radionucleotide that is lipophilic, so it can be taken up into the myocardium in proportion to blood flow.

A

Tecnetium-99m (99mTc)

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10
Q

True or False: 99mTc does not redistribute and stays solely in the mitochrondria.

A

true

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11
Q

So injection of 99mTc shows what at the moment of injection?

A

perfusion

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12
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a better detection of myocardial viability?

A

201Tl

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13
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a better image quality?

A

99mTc

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14
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a shorter half life?

A

99mTc

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15
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) requires separate stress and rest injections to detect regions of myocardial ischemia?

A

99mTc

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16
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a long half life (around 73 hrs)?

A

201Tl

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17
Q

This is the radionucleotide that is lipophilic, so it can be taken up into the myocardium in proportion to blood flow.

A

Tecnetium-99m (99mTc)

18
Q

True or False: 99mTc does not redistribute and stays solely in the mitochrondria.

19
Q

So injection of 99mTc shows what at the moment of injection?

20
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a better detection of myocardial viability?

21
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a better image quality?

22
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a shorter half life?

23
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) requires separate stress and rest injections to detect regions of myocardial ischemia?

24
Q

Which radionucleotide (201Tl or 99mTc) has a long half life (around 73 hrs)?

25
Q

Under which condition should u choose a stress test?

26
Q

What must the pt be able to do if you choose to do the exercise stress test?

A

Must be able to achieve the target HR

27
Q

Which 4 cardiac conditions is a contraindication to do the exercise stress testing?

A
  1. hypertrophic cardiomypathy
  2. severe aortic stenosis
  3. LBBB
  4. ventricularly paces EKG rhythm
28
Q

So what happens if they can’t do the exercise stress test? what is another stress test u can do?

A

drug stress test

29
Q

What are the 3 drugs u can give to do the drug stress test?

A

dipyridamole, adenosine, dobutamine

30
Q

What 2 drugs do u avoid if the pt has a Hx of bronchospastic pulmonary disease or wheezing?

A

dipyridamole and adenosine

31
Q

What 2 drugs do u avoid if the pt has a Hx of taking theophylline or aminophylline or caffeine ingesting within the previous 12 hours?

A

dipyridamole and adenosine

32
Q

What drug do u avoid if the pt has a LBBB or electronically-paced rhtyhm?

A

dobutamine

33
Q

So what would be the tests for heart ischemia (generally)?

A

stress test and nuclear imaging

34
Q

What would be the test for hibernating myocardium, detects myocardial viability, and lets u decide if revascularization is worth doing?

35
Q

What test reveals infarcted myocardium?

36
Q

What test is good for aneurysms, looking at big vessles, fluid accumulations, and calcifications?

37
Q

Theres a specific CT scan to detect coronary artery calcification. Which 1 is that?

38
Q

Theres a specific CT scan to detect atherosclerosis stenosis. Which 1 is that?

39
Q

This test is good to see wall motion in specific areas and see if thre is suspected LV aneurysm.

40
Q

This test asses cardiac performance in 1 view, can see intracardiac shunts, and can quanitify valvular regurgitation.

Cardiovascular 2 (6 decks)

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