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Kettering Review > Image Production > Flashcards

Image Production Flashcards

1
Q

Increased Mas does what to receptor exposure

A

Increase

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2
Q

Increase in MAs does what to spatial resolution

A

Nothing

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3
Q

What 4 things contribute to distortion

A

OID
SID
Pt size
Angle (tube/part/receptor)

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4
Q

Increased kvp does what to receptor exposure

A

Increase

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5
Q

How does increased SID effect receptor exposure and spatial resolution

A

Decrease exposure, increased resolution

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6
Q

Increased OID does what to spatial resolution

A

Decrease

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7
Q

How does increased FSS affect receptor exposure and spatial resolution

A

No effect on exposure, decrease in resolution

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8
Q

How does a grid effect exposure and resolution

A

Decrease exposure, no effect on resolution

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9
Q

How does increased filtration effect exposure and resolution

A

Decrease exposure and no effect on resolution

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10
Q

How does increased collimation effect exposure and resolution

A

Decrease exposure and no effect on resolution

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11
Q

How does increased motion effect exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, decreased resolution

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12
Q

What does increased heel effect do to exposure and resolution

A

Decreased exposure, no effect on resolution

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13
Q

What does an increase in pt size have on exposure and resolution

A

Decrease exposure, decrease in resolution

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14
Q

How does an increase in pathology effect exposure and resolution

A

Decrease exposure and no effect on resolution

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15
Q

What does an increase in angle have on exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, decrease resolution

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16
Q

How does an increase in pixel size effect exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, decrease in resolution

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17
Q

Increased pixel pitch does what to exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, decrease in resolution

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18
Q

Increased fill factor does what to exposure and resolution

A

Increased exposure, increased resolution

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19
Q

Increased sampling frequency does what to exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, increase in resolution

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20
Q

Increased matrix size does what to exposure and resolution

A

No effect on exposure, increase resolution

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21
Q

Increased FOV does what to exposure and resolution

A

Nothing to exposure, decrease resolution

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22
Q

Increased MTF does what to exposure and resolution

A

Nothing to exposure, increased resolution

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23
Q

Increased DQE does what to exposure and resolution

A

Increase exposure, nothing to resolution

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24
Q

Photographic factors are what

A

Factors affecting the amount of exposure the IR gets

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25
Q

Geometric factors are what

A

Factors affecting the degree of divergence of the beam and the info recorded on the receptor - resolution & distortion

26
Q

Mas =

A

Dose & quantity

27
Q

Does mas directly or indirectly effect receptor exposure

A

Directly - proportionally

28
Q

The receptor exposure on a radiography is proportional only to the total energy imparted to the image receptor

A

Reciprocity Law principle

29
Q

When will the Reciprocity Law fail

A

When exposure times are less than 10 ms or longer than 5 sec

30
Q

Is distance indirectly or directly related to exposure

A

Indirectly

31
Q

Inverse square law

A

I1/I2=D2 squared/D1 squared

32
Q

What formula do you use if your asked to maintain constant exposure when distance changes

A

Direct square law

33
Q

Direct square law

A

Mas1/Mas2 = SID1 squared/ SID2 squared

34
Q

If distance doubles, what happens to intensity

A

Intensity quarters

35
Q

If distance goes from 40 to 80 what needs to be done to mas to maintain it

A

Multiplied by 4

36
Q

If distance goes from 40 to 72 what needs to be done to mas to maintain exposure

A

Multiply by 3

37
Q

If distance goes from 40 to 56 what needs to be done to mas to maintain exposure

A

Multiply by 2

38
Q

If distance goes from 40 to 96 what needs to be done to mas to maintain exposure

A

Multiply by 5

39
Q

Does kvp directly or indirectly effect exposure

A

Directly

40
Q

A 15% increase or decrease in kvp, keeping all other factors constant, will result in a doubling or halving of exposure

A

15% rule

41
Q

If kvp is increased how does that effect the number of photons produced

A

It will increase photons produced - the faster the electrons hit the target, the more photons produced.

42
Q

If kvp is increased, how does that affect contrast and scatter

A

Increased scatter causes a decrease in contrast

43
Q

What does a grid do for the image

A

Cleans up scatter/fog, improves contrast

44
Q

Grids are what

A

Beam attenuators

45
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 1 equals what grid ratio

A

No grid

46
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 2 equals what grid ratio

A

5:1

47
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 3 equals what grid ratio

A

6:1

48
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 4 equals what grid ratio

A

8:1

49
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 5 equals what grid ratio

A

10:1 or 12:1

50
Q

Grid Conversion factor of 6 equals what grid ratio

A

16:1

51
Q

Does filtration effect exposure indirectly or directly

A

Indirectly

52
Q

What is flat fielding

A

It equals the exposure across the IR

53
Q

Increase in field size does what to contrast

A

Decrease contrast

54
Q

Window width controls

A

Contrast

55
Q

Window level controls what

A

Brightness

56
Q

What is the primary controlling factor of subject contrast

A

KVP

57
Q

What controls contrast

A

LUT (Look Up Table)

58
Q

Area of sharpness

A

Umbra

59
Q

Area of unsharpness surrounding the image

A

Penumbra

60
Q

As OID increases, what happens to magnification

A

Increases

61
Q

For every 1” increase of OID, what do you need to do to SID

A

Increase SID by 7” to compensate

62
Q

Formula to calculate magnification

A

Image size/object size = SID/SOD

Kettering Review (2 decks)

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