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Art History > Image List Descriptions > Flashcards

Image List Descriptions Flashcards

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1
Q

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

A

Rome, Late Imperial Period, 359 AD
sarcophagus means: flesh eater
Christians kept dead body intact in box for resurrection
one frame: Adam and Eve covering selves, bad proportions, contrapposto
other frame: Jesus with Paul - gospels and Peter -keys to heaven, stepping on sky God, Christ is solution

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2
Q

Eutropios

A

Late Imperial Period, 400 AD
high standing member in Byzantine society
ugly because: elongated face, cartoon look, abstract w/sharp lines and bug eyes
more focused on afterlife than here and now

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3
Q

Basilica of Old St. Peter’s

A

Rome, Early Christian Art, 330 AD
initiated by Constantine
dedicated to St. Peter/over his tomb/martryium
structure borrowed from basilica used for marketplaces and court
church for big gathering, no statues, space detached from world
mass, sermon, martyrium

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4
Q

Hagia Sophia

A

Constantinople, Byzantine Art, completed 537 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
built under Justinian
first work to rival pagan architecture
Hagia Sophia is Greek for holy wisdom
gold interior, mosaic, lots of windows bc use pendentive to support

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5
Q

The Crucifixion

A

Daphni Monastery, Greece, Byzantine Art, 1050 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
Jesus on cross w/Mary and John the Evangelist on sides
Romans, Jews crucified him - common
two angels at top
skull w/blood represents blood of Jesus washing away human sin/death

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6
Q

Christ the Pantocrator

A

Daphni Monastery, Greece, Byzantine Art, 1050 AD
Medieval Eastern Mediterranean
Pantocrator: all powerful
Jesus ascended into heaven after crucified and became all powerful ruler
cross, halo, beard, holding bible
instill fear of being judged

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7
Q

Animal Head

A 
from Oseberg ship burial, Norway, 800 AD
Early Medieval Western European Art
animal heads placed on boat when went out to attack, when came back took it off
unpleasant animal
symbol of Viking warlike method
instill fear of behavior/law/order
Nordic knot ornamentation
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8
Q

Stave Church (detail of wooden door)

A

Urnes, Norway, 1050 AD
Early Medieval Western European Art
built out of wood, highly ephemeral
some Vikings had converted to Christianity after Viking Chief Rolf converted
stave: wooden board
architectural style is independent, upward
side door is decorative with Nordic knot design
snake and lion symbolizing Satan vs Christ

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9
Q

Christ Enthroned and The Virgin and Child

A 
two pages in Book of Kells, Ireland, 800 AD
Early Medieval Western European Art
national treasure of Ireland
at a monastery
illuminated book of gospels
on vellum - thin but strong
Mary considered intercessor
insular style bc abstract, division of painted space into geometrical compartments, Nordic style, visually engaging but separate from pleasures of world
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10
Q

Doors of Bishop Bernward

A

bronze, Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany, 1015 AD
Early Medieval Western European art
16 ft tall
complex bc bronze
narrative scenes
animal head has Nordic style hair, familiar
Adam and Eve eat apple, cover up, pointing at Eve who points at devil
wimpy tree and no idea how to make figures
pathos - makes you feel bad
scene from before fall: presenting Eve to Adam
expresses frailty and vulnerability

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11
Q

Facade of St. Pantaleon

A

Cologne, Germany, Romanesque, 980 AD
Early Medieval Western Art
dedicated to St. Pantaleon who had hands nailed to head
Romanesque: Roman like, arches, kind of columns between windows, Greek temple like
lombard bands: fake arcade
small windows

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12
Q

San Miniato al Monte

A 
Florence, Romanesque, begun 1013 AD
Early Medieval Western European Art
means San Mineus on the Mountain
dedicated to the martyr
Roman like: arches
columns - Corinthian
top part is strange take on Classical Greek temple front
spoglia and basilica style inside
altar upstairs and downstairs, graves
3 inches of white marble stuck on building, like a page of manuscript
architrave bends into capital
fill in space with ornamentation
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13
Q

Cathedral of Notre Dame

A

Reims, France, Gothic, begun 1211 AD
High Medieval Western Europe
cathedral is seat of bishop
dedicated to Virgin Mary
wedding cake, flamboyant style, flame-like/fizzy style
pointed arches, tracery - like lace
spire - triangular upside down cone at top, decorated with finials and crockets

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14
Q

Cathedral of Notre Dame (2)

A 
Chartres, France, Gothic, 1145 - 1220 AD
High Medieval Western Europe
has relic with piece of Mary's clothing
taxed people for church
flying buttresses to have so many windows
like skeleton made of stone
filled with stained glass
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15
Q

Virgin and Child

A

France, Gothic, 1340 AD
High Medieval Western European
gift to Abbey Church of Saint-Denis from queen
couple feet tall, made of solid gold
free standing
statue because not fear of paganism and wanted beautiful things
reliquary with hair of Virgin Mary
at bottom is single register of narrative scenes of Passion of Christ
Gothic sway: lean to side, rubber like

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16
Q

Abraham, Sarah, and the Three Strangers

A

Psalter of Saint Louis, Paris, Gothic, 1260 AD
High Medieval Western Europe
work for private devotion
Old Testament 3 strangers/heavenly beings ask for meal and tell that Sarah will have child when old
more naturalistic, gothic sway
still gripping beasts background

17
Q

Madonna Enthroned

A 
Cimabue, Florence, Italy, 1290 AD
altar piece for during eucharist
iconography same as Giotto's
Giotto was his student
halo is abstract
18
Q

Madonna Enthroned (2)

A 
Giotto, Florence, Italy, 1310 AD
Giotto wiped away Byzantine style became Giotto style until Masaccio
more naturalistic, depth, overlap
throne is Gothic
shows off figure of body more
19
Q

Scenes from the Lives of Mary and Jesus; Last Judgement

A

Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy, 1305 AD
Fresco is Italian for fresh
Life of Jesus and Virgin Mary on the side - Giotto w/emotional figures, naturalistic
Entrance wall is the last judgment - end of world, Jesus judge, saved up to heaven R with poor last, damned to hell L, rolling up the sky, shows torment for people punished, Scrovegni giving church to saints bc banker

20
Q

Cathedral of Florence (Duomo)

A 
Florence, Italy, Early Renaissance, completed 1436 AD
Brunelleschi's dome won contest
seat of bishop
took 125 years to finish
dedicated to Virgin Mary
larger dome than Pantheon
new method - not centering
21
Q

Church of Sant’Andrea

A

Leon Battista Alberti, Mantua, Italy, Early Renaissance, begun 1470 AD
fusion between Greek temple and Roman triumphal arch
no Byzantine or Romanesque
interior has coffering, barrel vaults
side chapels along the nave, wealthy families own

22
Q

The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and two donors

A

Masaccio, Mantua, Italy, Early Renaissance, 1425 AD
illusionistic side chapel and an altarpiece
fresco painting
columns, triumphal arch, coffering, entablature in painting
skeleton under is problem of sin and death
God, dove, and Jesus trinity solution
John shows mode to reflect and Mary shoes solution
sponsors on bottom
uses linear perspective - first
Christ’s head at center, anatomy ideal and natural

23
Q

David (marble and bronze)

A

Donatello, Early Renaissance, 1409 and 1440 AD
David and Goliath - like statue of liberty for Florence, after he had defeated Goliath
early marble is Gothic, for outside gov building
later bronze is Greco Roman style - contrapposto, nude, Medici family

24
Q

The Birth of Venus

A 
Sandro Botticelli, Early Renaissance, 1480 AD
tempera on canvas
Ficino said reflect on Venus's beauty
pose is classical
criticized by Savonarola
Medici family
25
Q

Annunciation

A

Sandro Botticelli, Early Renaissance, 1490 AD
altar piece for chapel of Florentine church
story of angel visiting Mary
miracle of the incarnation
predella - bottom of altar, painted or coat of arms
Greco Roman columns, linear perspective, 2nd age

26
Q

Annunciation, Merode Triptych

A 
Robert Campin, Flemish art, 1425 AD
Merode owned painting
triptych; made up of 3 panels, can close
private devotional art
oil paint- new, dries slow so can create layers
incarnation of Jesus
donors shown on left
Joseph shown woodworking
has a lot of symbolism, not natural perspective, realism
faces lack grace
27
Q

Ghent Altarpiece

A

Jan van Eyck, Cathedral of Ghent, Flemish art, 1432 AD
in cathedral in Belgium
polyptych - many images/pictures that can open or close
adam and eve far outside - realism with hair and tan lines
angel faces realist
bottom is vision of paradise - atmospheric perspective, arms Christi, apostles, saints
detail of water using dashes of paint
oil paint with jewel reflecting window light

28
Q

The Last Supper

A

Leonardo da Vinci, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, 1498 AD
located behind church in Milan, in refectory
fresco painting but fell off because of experimental medium
gospel, Jesus showing betraying/die and taking bread and wine
high renaissance - linear perspective, coffering, natural figures - wave of gestures

29
Q

Mona Lisa

A 
Leonardo da Vinci, Renaissance 1503 AD
oil paint
subtle light and shade
mistress of someone in Medici family
woman against norm in painting
sfumato - whole picture looks blurred
30
Q

David

A

Michelangelo, Renaissance, 1504 AD
for Florence, underdog, liberty
Medici exiled but returned and took over again
colossus statue
classical nudity, best body/ideal
facing off Goliath
ideal face from side but has intense stress/determination from front

31
Q

Sistine Chapel Ceiling with details of Creation of Adam and one of the ignudi

A 
Michelangelo, Renaissance, 1512 AD
Pope Julius II
part of Vatican
all frescos
ignudi - nude people not sure why, obsession with fragmented ancient statue, springboards into spiritual realm, physical beauty
moment where God creating/just created Adam, touching instead of breath
connection bc own image
idealized, nude, resemble sculpture
32
Q

School of Athens

A 
Raphael Sanzio, Renaissance, 1511 AD
Julius II
decorate papal apartments
in pope's library, illustrate books under it
Greco Roman figures with students
architecture from greco roman culture
looks like st Andrea
Aristotle bring it down to earth, Plato gesture up
33
Q

Bacchanal on the Island of Andros

A 
Titian, Renaissance, 1523 AD
leader of Venetian school of art
for duke of Mantua
god bacchus is god of drinking, animal instinct
river of wine, all drunk but look beautiful
landscarpe, sfumato
female and baby erotism and comedy
nude for pleasure/porn
34
Q

Last Judgement

A

Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel, Rome, Renaissance, 1534-41 AD
compared to Giotto
more nudity and movement
did a lot “wrong” no beard, wings, positions of saints
perfected the nude

Art History (3 decks)

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