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Art History > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who said: They knew, therefore, that they were naked, deprived of that holy grace which prevented them from being ashamed of bodily nakedness.

A

Saint Augustine

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2
Q

Who said: I tell you, whenever you refused to help humblest and least important person, you refused to help me. You, then, will be sent off to eternal punishment, but the righteous will go to eternal life.

A

Jesus of Nazareth

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3
Q

What does the abbot (the old man, whom William of Baskerville refers to as the Venerable Jorge) say about the Franciscans, the religious order to which William belonged?

A

That they are inclined to “merriment”

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4
Q

What is the “sin” that William of Baskerville debates with the Venerable Jorge?

A

laughter

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5
Q

To which martyr saint does William of Baskerville refer in his argument with the Venerable Jorge?

A

Saint Maurice

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6
Q

To which of the following authors from our earlier readings does William of Baskerville refer in his argument with the Venerable Jorge?

A

Aristotle

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7
Q

According to the rule established by God in this passage, which of the following would be prohibited?

A

images representing God, trees, fish

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8
Q

What is it about images that God seems to have a problem with?

A

people can end up worshiping images instead of God himself

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9
Q

What theme links this reading to reading 3.1, a passage from the Book of Exodus?

A

both are concerned with idolatry (the worship of images)

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10
Q

What theme links this reading to the clip you watched from The Name of the Rose?

A

both the reading and the clip involve one religious figure arguing against another religious figure over a religious issue

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11
Q

Bernard of Clairvaux makes a distinction about the appropriateness of religious art for two categories of people. What are those two categories?

A

monks and non-monks

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12
Q

Which of the following is a problem regarding religious art to which Bernard of Clairvaux makes reference in this letter?

A

people waste money on art that could be used to provide for the poor

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13
Q

What theme links this reading to reading Gregory the Great’s letter (reading 3.2)?

A

both readings concern religious authorities who defend the use of religious art

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14
Q

Why is Oderisi in Purgatory?

A

he was overly proud in his work as a painter

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15
Q

What is implied in the reference to Cimabue and Giotto?

A

that Giotto was a greater artist than Cimabue

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16
Q

Compared to ancient Greco-Roman art, Byzantine art is:

A

later in date and more abstract

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17
Q

Which of the following is an example of ‘Insular art’?

A

the book of kells

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18
Q

Which of the follow pairs does NOT go together?

a. Old Saint Peter’s - nave - basilica
b. Illumination - vellum - scriptorium Incorrect
c. Hagia Sophia - Justinian - mosaic
d. Stave Church at Urnes - Nordic knot ornament - Classical entablature

A

Stave church at urnes - nordic knot ornament - classical entablature

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19
Q

Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the authors of last week’s readings as a way in which art could add to the problem of—instead of acting as part of the solution to—sin and eternal damnation?

A

art could sexually arouse viewers, leading to the sin of lust

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20
Q

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in last week’s readings as one of the three functions of religious art?

A

to act as a means for reaching God through the contemplation of artistic beauty, in the manner described by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato

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21
Q

When Filarete sees the new buildings being constructed in his time, how does he feel?

A

he is invigorated by the new buildings and he desires to imitate them in his own work

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22
Q

How is what Alberti says here, in the introduction to his Treatise on Painting, similar to what Filarete says above reading 4.1?

A

both are enthusiastic about the excellence of art and architecture in their age

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23
Q

Which architects and artists does Alberti mention in the introduction to his Treatise on Painting?

A

Brunelleschi, Donatello, Masaccio

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24
Q

On the basis of what he says in this passage, which of the following kind of art does Vasari prefer?

A

Vasari prefers naturalistic art

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25
Q

Which artist does Vasari say was responsible for the abandonment and obsolescence of the Byzantine style in Italy?

A

Giotto

26
Q

Which artist does Vasari say was responsible for the abandonment and obsolescence of Giotto’s style in Italy?

A

Masaccio

27
Q

The “humanists” of Renaissance Italy attempted to:

A

reconcile Greco-Roman, pagan philosophy and values with the christian religion

28
Q

The association of physical beauty with moral excellence is a notion that is expressed in the writings of:

A

Plato

29
Q

Which of the following seems to come closest to Savonarola’s concerns regarding art?

A

art can sexually arouse viewers, leading to the sin of lust

30
Q

To which of the following authors from our previous readings does Savonarola make reference?

a. Plato
b. Quintilian
c. Pliny
d. None of the above

A

none of the above

31
Q

Which of the following authors from the readings did we discuss in connection with the artist Giotto?

A

Dante and Vasari

32
Q

Which of the following authors from the readings did we discuss in connection with the artist Masaccio?

A

alberti and vasari

33
Q

Which of the following buildings exemplifies the Renaissance revival of classical Greco-Roman architecture?

A

sant’ andrea, mantua

34
Q

In Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Artists, the ‘first age of painting’ refers to art made in:

A

14th century italy

35
Q

Where do we find the first paintings that employ the technique of linear perspective?

A

15th century Italy

36
Q

What is it about this poem that makes it Platonic in character?

A

The poem suggests that physical beauty is a means to rise to heaven and connect with divinity

37
Q

The point of view and values underlying Aretino’s comments about Michelangelo’s Last Judgment seem closest to those of which author from past readings?

A

Girolamo Savonarola

38
Q

Which of the following are implied by Aretino’s comments on Michelangelo and his painting of the Last Judgment?

a. Michelangelo cares more about art than he does about religion
b. The figures in the Last Judgment could have a bad effect on the moral and religious life of people who look at them
c. Aretino was motivated to attack Michelangelo by the fact that Michelangelo did not give him a drawing that Aretino had asked for

A

all of the above

39
Q

According to Vasari, Michelangelo’s great artistic achievement concerns:

A

the depiction of the human body

40
Q

What is Vasari’s opinion of people who criticize the depiction of beautiful bodies in works of religious art?

A

He says that such people are hypocrites, and that they regard beautiful things as indecent because their own minds are corrupt

41
Q

The person speaking in this passage from de Hollanda’s Dialogue on Painting is:

A

Michelangelo

42
Q

Someone who holds the views that are expressed in this passage would most likely have a negative opinion of works by which artists?

A

flemish artists

43
Q

Which of the following aspects of Michelangelo’s Last Judgment are criticized in this passage?

a. The wingless angels
b. The twisting poses of the figures
c. The beardless Christ
d. The indecent position of a pair of saints

A

all of the above

44
Q

How do the thoughts and feelings expressed in this sonnet compare to those expressed in the sonnet Michelangelo wrote to Tommaso dei Cavalieri around 1534, twenty years earlier?

A

The later sonnet expresses Michelangelo’s concern that his art has led him into sin

45
Q

Which of the following is NOT a textual (i.e. written) source for the iconography of Christian art?

  1. The Old Testament of the Bible
  2. The New Testament of the Bible
  3. Accounts of the lives of the Christian Saints
  4. The writings of pagan philosophers like Plato and Aristotle
A
  1. The writings of pagan philosophers like Plato and Aristotle
46
Q

When we speak of a “problem” and a “solution” at the center of Christian doctrine, what does the “problem” refer to?

  1. The difficulty in reconciling pagan philosophy and Christian teaching
  2. The moral stain of Original Sin and consequent misery in the afterlife
  3. The persecution of Christians by Roman imperial authorities
A
  1. The moral stain of Original Sin and consequent misery in the afterlife
47
Q

When we speak of a “problem” and a “solution” at the center of Christian doctrine, what is the “solution”?

  1. The use of prayers and spells originating in the Egyptian Book of the Dead
  2. The wisdom of pagan philosophy and the social benefits of democratic government
  3. The salvation of the human soul from the consequences of Original Sin by the sacrifice of Jesus of Nazareth
A
  1. The salvation of the human soul from the consequences of Original Sin by the sacrifice of Jesus of Nazareth
48
Q

The figure of a bearded man holding billowing drapery over his head that appears here beneath Jesus’ feet also appears in:

  1. The breastplate of the Augustus of Prima Porta
  2. The reliefs on the Arch of Titus
  3. The Parthenon frieze
A
  1. The breastplate of the Augustus of Prima Porta
49
Q

The placement beneath Jesus’ feet of the bearded man holding billowing drapery symbolizes:

  1. The end of the Pax Romana that began with Roman emperor Augustus
  2. The idea that the religion of the pagan Romans is the foundation of the Christian religion
  3. The triumph of the Christian religion over pagan religion and the ‘defeat’ of the pagan gods
A
  1. The triumph of the Christian religion over pagan religion and the ‘defeat’ of the pagan gods
50
Q

What event took place around the time this sarcophagus was made?

  1. The defeat of the Jewish uprising by the emperor Titus
  2. the legalization of Christianity in the Roman empire
  3. the abolition of pagan religion in the Roman empire
A
  1. the abolition of pagan religion in the Roman empire
51
Q

The Basilica of Old St. Peter’s was constructed under the reign of which emperor?

  1. Augustus
  2. Constantine
  3. Justinian
A
  1. Constantine
52
Q

Constantine is famous for:

  1. Legalizing Christianity
  2. Persecuting Christians
  3. Building the Pantheon
A
  1. Legalizing Christianity
53
Q

According to Christian tradition, St. Peter’s Basilica was constructed on the site of:

  1. The burial place of St. Peter
  2. Jesus’s crucifixion
  3. Constantine’s conversion to Christianity
A
  1. The burial place of St. Peter
54
Q

The Basilica of Old St. Peter’s was demolished, and then rebuilt, around the year:

  1. 500 B.C.
  2. 500 A.D.
  3. 1000 A.D.
  4. 1500 A.D.
A
  1. 1500 A.D.
55
Q

Why is Saint Peter important for the history of Christianity?

  1. He was the only one of Jesus’s apostles to reject Christianity and return to paganism
  2. He build the first Christian church, known as the Basilica of Old St. Peter’s
  3. In the Bible, Jesus gives him the keys to heaven and grants him authority as leader of the Christians on earth
A
  1. In the Bible, Jesus gives him the keys to heaven and grants him authority as leader of the Christians on earth
56
Q

The taking of bread and wine at the Christian mass is called:

  1. Sermon
  2. Eucharist
  3. Transubstantiation
  4. Martyrium
A
  1. Eucharist
57
Q

The miraculous process by which the bread and wine is transformed into the flesh and blood of Jesus during the Christian mass is called:

  1. Sermon
  2. Eucharist
  3. Transubstantiation
  4. Martyrium
A
  1. Transubstantiation
58
Q

Which of these were considered benefits to be derived from visiting and venerating relics?

  1. Divine assistance with problems in the present life
  2. Reduction of years the soul will spend in Purgatory
  3. All of the above
A
  1. Reduction of years the soul will spend in Purgatory
59
Q

In Christian religious practice, the word “pilgrimage” refers to:

  1. The ritual of taking of bread and wine
  2. The feeling of sorrow and regret for having sinned
  3. The state of holiness conferred by martyrdom
  4. The practice of traveling to places where relics are kept in order to venerate them
A
  1. The practice of traveling to places where relics are kept in order to venerate them
60
Q

“Byzantine art” is a term used to refer to the art of:

  1. The political state that, during the Early Middle Ages, occupied the Western part of what had once been the Roman empire
  2. The political state that, during the Early Middle Ages, occupied the Eastern part of what had once been the Roman empire
  3. An area of Northern Europe that, during the Early Middle Ages, was inhabited by a population that had never been conquered by the Roman Empire.
A
  1. The political state that, during the Early Middle Ages, occupied the Eastern part of what had once been the Roman empire

Art History (3 decks)

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