Image Flashcards
Defined Dextrorotation?
is the same as dextrocardia with the apex pointed to the right side but the heart rotated and now th LV is the most anterior Chamber of the heart
What does CC-TGA means?
Congenital corrected Transposition of the great Arteries.
Also called L-Loop
Characteristis of Shone’s Complex
-Subavalvular mitral ring or membranate
-Parachute MV
-Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis or membranate
-Coartaction of the Aorta
DX
Mitral valve cleft. (partial AVSD)
Part of the valve is Absent. t
DX
Mesocardia (the apex is pointed to the central)
Doppler caracterist of Coarctation of Aorta
-Increase Peak Velocity in systole and
-Antegrade flow in Diastoly or pandiastolic foward flow
(so flow that keeps going during sistole)
most anterior vale of the heart
Pulmonary Valve
DX
Pulmonary regurgitation, (no pulmonary valve) the regurgitation star before the pulmonary valve
this is Tetrology of fallot after repair
The IVC and The Ao run together on either side of the spine
Right Isomerosis
where do we see Mitral V leaflet Cleff
Primun Atrail Deffect
Or by itself
CC-TGA is associated with?
Dextrocardia
Complet Heart Block
Name of the Procedure to Correct Single Ventricle Profile?
Glenn Operation
Defined true Dextrocardia ?
the Heart is in the rigth side and the apex is pointing to the apendice (to the right). The RV is still the most anterios chamber of the heart (as normal)
DX
Ostium secundum shunt
Left to Right shunt
What is the most commun VSD?
Perimembranosus VSD
What does RAC sing Means?
Retroaortic Artery Coronary
Iqual sign =
Defined Dextroposition
the heart is in normal position with the apex pointed to the left as normal but the moved to the left or the right
how to calculates Shunt Volume of th ASD/ VSD
Shunt V= Qp - Qs
Qp= pulmonary flow
Qs+ systemic Flow
DX
PArachute Papilary muscel. you can see just one papilary muscle
What is PDA?
Patent ductus arteriosus, conection between aorta and pulmonary arteri. so it is a left ot right shunt
In Both TGA (D-TGA / CC-TGA) the aorta is conected to the RV and the Aorta is Anterior to the Pulmonary
True
Complet Heart Block is associted with?
cc-TGA / L-loop
DX
Perimembranosus septsal deffect
5C, basal is perimembranosus and mind an apical is trabecular
Aorta on the right and IVC on the left?
Situs inversus
Mirror image of the atrial
LA is on the right and the RA is on the left
If you see the image remember like a regular echo where is the LV
DX
Perimembranosus VSD
Hypopastic left Heart Syndrome . Defined
it is a Single Ventricle Heart Deffect where (the left ventricle does not develop porpely)
What is the most congenital lesion associated with Desxtrocardia ?
cc-TGA - L-Loop
In D-TGA or D-Loop where is the morfological RV
on the right. because the ventricle are located normaly but the Pulmonary and Aorta Artery are Swich
How could it the RV be adentified?
Moderated band
The TV is more apical compared with the mv
More trabeculation
How is the pressure gradiant and peak velocity in Valvular regurgitation?
LOW..
Most common Coronary Artery Anomalous?
CX originated from the RCA
It’s bening is the CX is Retroartic so it passes from the back to the Aorta
there is a Azigos continuation of the IVC located retroperitonela to the Aorta. so you dont see the IVC
Left Isomerosis
DX
Infracristal deffect (VSD)
DX
Dextroposition
Complication of CC-TGA/ L-Loop
Systemic Ventricul Dysfunction (because the RV which in this case It is in the Left side is not strong enough to contract properly
Complet Heart Block
Systemic valve is this case TV Regurgitation
Most common Cyanotic Congenital Heart desease?
Tetralogy of Fallot
DX
Parachute-LIKE Mitral Valve. you can see in PSAX a big Anterolateral Papilary muscle and really small posterio papilary just beside
what does L looping means
Formation of the RV in the left side
Which is abnormal
all the Left to right shunt will lead to LA and LV Volumen overload (dilatation)
yes
Where do we see Goose neck
AVSD
DX
Levocardia( normal heart with the apex pointed to the left)
Coarctation of Aorta, Definition
it’s an stenosis of the proximal descending Thoracic Aorta
What does Restrictve VSD means?
Small Defects that allow little or no blood to flow from the LV to RV
This means than RV and PA pressure are lower than the LV
Which valve of the heart is most apical
TV
Primun SD is associated with?
Mitral valve Cleff
What does D looping Means
Formation of the RV in the right side (anatomical RV) which is normal
the RV is in the right side and lv in the left side
D-Loop refers to the ventricles
DX
Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula
You can see in 2D the Dilatation of the coronary sinus ans the aorta depper in the image
DX
Supracristal Deffect (VSD)
supracristal is close PV
DX
Primiun Atrail septal deffect. in the Atrial
and AV canal: Atrail-Ventricualr Canal
best view tp evaluated Atrail deffect
Subcostal view
Atrail Ventricular septal Deffect classification (AVSD)
Partial: just the ostium Primiun deffect
complete: Primun ASD = Common Atrial Venricular Valve with 5 leaflets
Secundum SD is associated with?
Mitral valve Prolapse
What is the most anterior chamber of the heart?
RV
Aorta on the left and IVC on the right? named
Situs Solitus
Procedure to connect the Venous return direct to the Pulmonary arteri
Fontan Proccedure
Complication after tetrology of fallot repair?
The pulmonary Regurgitation (most common)
Arritmias
RV enlargment
RBBB
DX
Ventricular Aneurysms
Name of this anomaly and explain
D-TGA or D loop.
The LV and RV are in a normal location but the PA is conected to the LV and the Ao is connected to the RV. so the grear Arteries are parallel to each other
In D-TGA the aorta is anterior to the Pulmonary
Morfologycal RV is on the Right
Tetralogy of Fallot is asociated with
Coronary Arteries Anomalies
LDA originated from the RCA
Where can we see RBBB?
Tetralogy of Fallor after Rapier
Shone’s Variants or imcomplet shone’s syndrome
When 2 or 3 left side congenital obstruction are present
eje. Bicuspid valve
Coartation of AOrta
MV parachute
Name of the congenital Desease where there is two RA?
Right Isomerism
When Rastelli Repair is Perfomed?
It’s performe in D-TGA in convination con VSD
Tetralogy of Fallot characteristis
VSD
Aorta Overriding (on top of the VSD)
RVOT Obstruction (PVS, Subvalvular or Supravalvular Pulmonary stenosis)
RV hypertrophy (which is secundary to the PVS)
what evaluated situs in The sequentil segment Analysys
confirm is the Atrial on the left side is the Left Atrial
Types of VSD (ventricular Septal Deffect)
Perimembranous VDS
Outlet VSF (close to RVOT)
Inlet VSD (close to RVIT)
Muscular or trabicular VSD
AST
VST
PDA
Atrial septal defect
ventricualr septal defect
patant ductus arteriosus
Calculated the RVSP from VSD
take the systole aortic pressure if there is not AV stenosis minus the GP of the VSD
GP=P1-P2
P2=GP-P1
RVSP=LVSP- 4(GP)2
DX
Ebstein Anomaly. will lead to TV Regurgitation
DX
RAC sing. LCA traveling Posterior to the Arotic root. Anomalous Coronary Artery
Eisenmerger Syndrome Triad consist on:
1) Systemic to pulmonary congenital cardiovascular deffect (right to left shunt)
2)Pulmoary Artery Disease (PHT)
3) Cyanosis
Explain Differential Cyanosis?
it occusr because, is the PDA is distal to the left subclavian Artery the Deaxygenated blood is gonna go to the low extremities. so the patien is goin to have low extremitis blue and upper extremities normal.
If the PDA is before the left subclavian artery the patient is gonna have all the extremities blue
Name of the congenital Desease where there is two LA?
Left Isomerism
DX
Dextrorotation or dextroversion
which VSD is most associated with Aortic Regurgitation
Outlet deffect
is divided in supracristal and infracristal
DX
PDA, best view to evaluated it, short axis view
DX
Cor Triatrium on the LA
It divides the LA in two and if its in the RA is called Cor Triatium Dexter
Sequential Segmental analysis consist on:
Situs confirm is the Atrial on the left side is the Left Atrial
Position; confirm Apex Direction
Atrioventricular Connections: confirm is the ventricle on the right side is really the RV
Ventriculararterial Coonection: Great Vessel Relationship
DX
Tetralogy of Fallot
tou can see the VSD and the overriding of the Aorta
Surgical Prosedure, where the PA and Aorta are Transected and reconected to the Correct Ventricle?
Name of the Proccedure and The Desease to correct?
Arterial Switch and to correct D-Loop / D-TGA
Which Great Artery is anterior, Aorta o pulmonary?
Pulmonary Artery is anterior to the aorta and perpendicular or Ortogonal to the aorta
DX
Muscular o trabecular septal Deffect
When the Fontan Proccedure is use?
when ther is just on functional ventricle. Eje. Tricuspid Atresia
Most common congenital hear desease ?
VSD
most posterior chamber of the heart
LA
Waht does TGA means
Transposition of the great Arteries
DX
Complete AVSD, primun + common valve for AV
Shone’s Complex
It’s a obstruction on the left heart.
it has 4 affections
-Subavalvular mitral ring or membranate
-PArachute MV
-Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis
-Coartaction of the Aorta
MV cleff is Asocciated with
Mitral regurgitation
MV cleff it could be by itself or with AS primun deffect
Gerbode Deffect
LV to RA deffect. flow goes from RV to RA
Partial Anomalous pulmonary venous return is associated with?
Sinus Venousus
DX
Doble orifice mitral valve. (congenital mitral Valve)
In VSD which chambers are Dilated.? taking in considetation that VSD is a LEFT to Right shunt in Systolic
LA and LV are dilated
because the shunt happens is systole so the blood is going from LV to RV during contraction of both Ventricules so the blood enterinjg the RV is expell right away
DX
Destrocardia. the paex pointed to the right
What does Concordance means?
RA is conected to the RV and LA is connected to the LV
What Bleb sing means?
Thsi is the CX originated from the RCA
DX
Perimembranosus or out deffect
VSD
Name of this anomaly and explain it?
CC-TGA or L-Loop
The LV and RV are inverted so LV is on the Right and RV is on the left
The aorta is anterior to the Pulmonary Artery and they are Parallet to each other
Morfological RV on the Left
Surgical Procedure, where an interatrail Buffle directs systemic venous return to the anatomy LV, and pulmonary venous return to the Anatomy RV? and name of the Desease
Mustard or Atrail Switch to Correct
D-TGA / D-Loop
DX
Dextrocardia or mirror image
Single Ventricle Heart Deffect Classification?
Hypopastic left Heart Syndrome (the left ventricle does not develop porpely)
Tricuspid Atresia; The TV is abnormal or it’s not at all
In CC-TGA or L-Loop. where is the Morfological RV
On the left
