Illusions and Aeromedical

Question 1

Ice flags

Answer 1

Inversion
Coriolis
Elevator
False horizons
Leans
Autokinesis
Graveyard spiral
Graveyard spin
Somotogravic

Question 2

Types of Hypoxia

Answer 2

Hypoxic

Hypemic

Histoxic

Stagnant

Question 3

Vestibular system

Answer 3

3 semicircular canals sense movement in a ll 3 axes. the canals are filled with fluid which moves against tiny sensory hairs as the head is moved.

2 otholith organs, the utricle and saccule, sense acceleration in the horizontal and vertical planes

Question 4

Inversion

Answer 4

From climb to straight and level abruptly, creates tumbling backward illusion

Question 5

Coriolis

Answer 5

Head movements during long turns that makes it seem like turning or accelerating in a different direction

Question 6

False horizon

Answer 6

Clouds, auroras, dark scenes and with lights providing inaccurate visual cues or a false horizon for aircraft alignment

Question 7

Leans

Answer 7

After leveling the wings following a prolonged turn, pilot may feel that the aircraft is banked in the opposite direction of the turn.

Question 8

Autokinesis

Answer 8

In the dark a stationary light will appear to move when stared at for too long. You can lose control and direction when trying to align with this light.

Question 9

Graveyard spiral

Answer 9

A pilot in a prolonged, coordinated constant- rate turn may experience the illusion of not turning. After leveling the wings the pilot may experience the leans causing the pilot to turn back to the turning attitude. Since you need a higher angle of attack the pilot may see loss of altitude and pull back on the elevators tightening the spiral and increasing loss of altitude

Question 10

Graveyard spin

Answer 10

Graveyard Spin (Pilot recovers from spin but senses they are in a new spin, so re-enter that spin)

Question 11

Somatogravic

Answer 11

Rapid acceleration stimulates the inner ear the same way as tilting the head backwards. This may create the illusion of a higher pitch angle. Deceleration causes the opposite illusion of the head tilting sensation and the aircraft being in a nose low attitude.

Question 12

Elevator

Answer 12

an abrupt upward vertical acceleration may create the illusion a climb.

Question 13

Runway width illusion

Answer 13

A narrow runway may create the illusion that the aircraft is higher than it actually is. A wide runway may cause the illusion of the aircraft being lower than it is

Question 14

Runway and terrain slope illusion

Answer 14

An upsloping terrain or runway may create the illusion that the aircraft is at a higher altitude than it actually is

Question 15

Featureless terrain illusion

Answer 15

aka black hole approach. Flying over featureless or dark areas, such as in an over water approach, can create the illusion that the aircraft is at a higher altitude than it actually is and may lead the pilot to fly at a lower altitude than desired

Question 16

Water refraction

Answer 16

rain on the windscreen can create an illusion of being at a higher altitude than it actually is and may lead the pilot to fly at a lower altitude than desired

Question 17

Haze

Answer 17

Shooting an approach in haze may create the illusion that the runway is further than it actually is, or that the aircraft is higher than it actually is

Question 18

Fog

Answer 18

Flying into fog may create the illusion of a nose up motion

Question 19

Ground Lighting Illusion

Answer 19

Light along a straight path, such as a road or lights on moving trains, can be mistaken for runway and approach lights. Bright runway and approach lighting systems, especially where few lights illuminate the surrounding terrain, may create the illusion that the runway is closer than it actually is. This may result in the pilot flying a higher approach than desired.

Question 20

Hypoxic Hypoxia

Answer 20

Insufficient supply of O2 to the body as a whole. As altutude increases pressure decreases and not enough pressure exists for o2 to pass from the respritory system in to the blood.

Question 21

Hypemic Hypoxia

Answer 21

Inability of the blood to carry the o2 molecules. May be insufficient blood (bleeding lor blood donation, anemia, or carbon monoxide poisioning

Question 22

Histoxic Hypoxia

Answer 22

Inability of the body cells to use the o2 supplied by the blood. (alcohol or drugs)

Question 23

stagnant hypoxia