ill child - skin

Question 2

Staphylococcal Infection

Question 3

septicemia

Question 4

pustules

Answer 4

Small pustules on a newborn must be reported immediately.

Question 5

Impetigo

Answer 5

Treatment **
Systemic antibiotics are administered either orally or parenterally
Nursing Care
Instruct parents to wash the lesions 3 or 4 times daily to remove crust
Ointments, such as mupi**rocin (Bactroban) may be prescribed for topical application
Remind parents on the necessity for prompt attention or treatment for minor cuts and bites
Isolation required

Question 6

Fungal Infections

Answer 6

Invade stratum corneum, hair and nails
Fungi are larger than bacteria
Tinea capitis—alopecia
Tinea corporis—oval scaly inflamed ring with clear center
Tinea pedis—lesions are between toes, on instep and soles; pruritic
Tinea cruris—“jock itch”

Question 7

Pediculosis

Answer 7

Three types
Pediculosis capitis—head lice – nits (outside) -nix
Pediculosis corporis—body lice
Pediculosis pubis—pubic lice, known as crabs
Survival of lice depends on blood extracted from infected person

Question 8

Strawberry nevus

Answer 8

Common hemangioma
Consists of dilated capillaries in the dermal space
Usually disappears without treatment
May not be apparent until a few weeks after birth
Begins flat, but becomes raised, bright red, elevated, and sharply demarcated

Question 9

Port Wine Nevus

Answer 9

Present at birth
Caused by dilated dermal capillaries
Lesions are flat, sharply demarcated, and purple to pink
Different from strawberry nevus in that the lesion darkens as child gets older, it does not disappear

Question 10

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Answer 10

“Cradle cap”
Inflammation of the skin that involves the sebaceous glands
Characterized by thick, yellow, oily, adherent, crust-like scales on the scalp and forehead
Resembles eczema, but does not itch
Seen in newborns, infants, and at puberty
Treatment is shampooing hair on consistent basis

Question 11

Acne Vulgaris

Answer 11

Inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
Sebaceous follicles enlarge at puberty
Secrete increased amounts of sebum (a fatty substance)
Open—blackhead
Closed—whitehead and are responsible for the inflammatory process of acne

Question 12

Infantile Eczema

Answer 12

Pathophysiology
Atopic dermatitis is an inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin.
Local vasodilation in affected areas
Spongiosis or breakdown of dermal cells and formation of intradermal vesicles
It is a symptom rather than a disorder.
Infant is oversensitive to certain substances.
Worse in winter

Question 13

Infantile Eczema

Answer 13

Manifestations
Occurs at any age
More common during the first 2 years of the infant’s life
Pruritic lesions form vesicles that **weep **and develop a dry crust
More severe on face
Worse in the winter
Itching is constant
Foods allergies can be a trigger