ill child - exam 1

Question 1

Interventions recommended for care of a fracture in a cast include

Answer 1

• rest, ice packs, elevation of extremity, analgesics
• do not put anything inside cast
• do not dangle extremity in dependent position
• do not cut edges of cast
• do not put powder in or around cast
• reinforce teaching to client to report any signs of neurovascular compromise and/or pain not relieved with analgesics

Question 2

A child was diagnosed with strabismus of the left eye. Which eye is patched?

Answer 2

The right eye is patched.

Question 3

To prevent Reye’s syndrome, this class of medications is avoided:

Answer 3

• Salicylates (aspirin)

Question 4

This seizure is characterized by a rapid rise in temperature

Answer 4

• Febrile seizure

Question 5

Salty tears and skin, meconium ileus, steatorrhea, chronic cough and barrel-shaped chest are symptoms/signs of:

Answer 5

Cystic fibrosis

Question 6

This neurological disease characterized by repeated seizures requires anti-seizure medication to be taken every day

Answer 6

• Epilepsy

Question 7

Gum hyperplasia is seen with the use of this antiepileptic drug

Answer 7

• phenytoin(Dilantin)

Question 8

Bacterial meningitis is treated with which class of medication?

Answer 8

• Antibiotics

Question 9

RSV requires this type of precautions

Question 10

This congenital heart defect results in an increased BP in the upper extremities and a decreased BP in the lower extremities

Question 11

This type of otitis results in an erythematous and edematous external auditory canal that is extremely painful to touch

Question 12

The priority nursing intervention when caring for a child who is actively seizing is:

Question 13

These foods should be avoided in a child who had a tonsillectomy (immediately post-op)

Question 14

The most common post-op complication from a tonsillectomy is:

Question 15

Bruises and fractures in various stages of healing are indicative of which type of child abuse?

Question 16

Delayed motor development, muscle weakness beginning in the lower extremities, frequent falling, and calf hypertrophy is indicative of:

Question 17

Risk modifiers for prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are:

Question 18

A child with CF (cystic fibrosis) should have a diet high in ________

Question 19

Knee-chest position is important to help relieve acute hypoxia in which congenital heart defect?

Question 20

Red conjunctiva with purulent drainage and a subjective report of irritation (not itchy) is termed:

Question 21

Epiglottitis presents with a cough (True or False)Epiglottitis presents with a high fever(True or False)

Question 22

A child with meningitis should be kept in this type of environment:

Question 23

The nurse should be sure to keep weights ________ when caring for a child in traction

Question 24

Interventions to ease fear in a child about to undergo a procedure include:

Question 25

It is a medical emergency if tympanostomy tubes fall out of a child’s ear (True or False)

Question 26

Modifiable risk factors to prevent the recurrence of acute otitis media in a child are:

Answer 26

Do not **prop **bottles
Do not give child a bottle in bed
Avoid second-hand smoke environments
Hold child in semi-reclining position during feeds

Question 27

Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for juvenile idiopathic arthritis include:

Answer 27

• Non-pharmacologic methods: Warm packs, swimming, gentle stretching of joints, rest, therapeutic play
• Pharmacologic methods: NSAIDS, acetaminophen, biologic medications, and corticosteroids during acute flares

Question 28

Dysphagia, drooling, high fevers, tripod (orthopneic) positioning is indicative of this acute respiratory illness that is a medical emergency

Answer 28

Epiglottitis

Question 29

Symptoms of a pathology that include a sudden onset at nighttime, cough, stridor, low-grade fever and typically has a viral cause is known as:

Answer 29

• Croup

Question 30

Reye’s syndrome
This occurs when aspirin is used for fever reduction in children and adolescents who have a viral illness (chickenpox or influenza).
Avoid giving aspirin when a child or adolescent has a viral illness (chickenpox or influenza).