ILA 5 - AKI

Question 1

What is the normal value for glomerular filtration rate?

Answer 1

90-120

Question 2

What are the diagnostic criteria for AKI?
Does Maria meet them?

Question 3

What are the three major classes of AKI? - give two examples for each

Answer 3

1. Pre-renal
2. Renal (intrinsic)
3. Post-renal

Question 4

For each example, explain the underlying pathophysiological/pharmacological mechanism of injury

Question 5

What is the likely cause of the AKI in this case?

Answer 5

Sepsis:
- heart rate high, blood pressure low
- recent surgery could be method of obtaining
causes low BP because vessels become damaged and leaky

Question 6

As Maria improves, what changed should you see with respect to heart rate and BP? Explain the physiological mechanisms behind these changes

Question 7

Work out the minimum urine output in mls/hr that would be acceptable with this patient

Answer 7

34 ml/hr

Question 8

Explain why an NSAID analgesic might be contraindicated in this case

Question 9

What abnormality might it show and the raised level of which electrolyte would cause this?

Question 10

Explain the mechanism by which insulin corrects the raised electrolyte level and why Dextrose is always given at the same time