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pharma flash cards > III - Topnotch Pharma Flash Cards - Drugs for Smooth Muscles > Flashcards

III - Topnotch Pharma Flash Cards - Drugs for Smooth Muscles

1
Q

more likely to block autonomic receptors, also has alpha1 blocking and local anesthetic effect

A

1st Generation antihistamines (TOPNOTCH)

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2
Q

Reversible blockade of histamine H1-receptor sites on tissues, No sedation and antimuscarinic effects

A

2nd Generation antihistamines (TOPNOTCH)

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3
Q

may cause arrhythmia due to blockade of cardiac potassium channels

A

acrivastine, astemizole, cetirizine, loratadine, and terfenadine (TOPNOTCH)

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4
Q

reduction of nocturnal acid secretion in gastirc and duodenal ulcer

A

H2 antagonists (TOPNOTCH)

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5
Q

True or False: H2 antagonists have H1-blocking effect

A

FALSE (TOPNOTCH)

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6
Q

True or False: Ranitidine is a CYP450 inhibitor

A

TRUE, but weak inhibitor only (TOPNOTCH)

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7
Q

Agonist at the 5HT1D receptor in the blood vessels causing vasocontriction ; 1st line treatment for Acute migraine and cluster headache attacks

A

5HT1D receptor agonist: Sumatriptan, Naratriptan, Almotriptan, Eletriptan, Frovatriptan, Rizatriptan, Zolmitriptan (TOPNOTCH)

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8
Q

Selectively block 5HT3 receptors ; For antiemesis in patients post-chemotherapy or post-operation

A

5HT3 receptor antagonist: Ondansetron, Granisetron, Dolasetron, Alosetron (TOPNOTCH)

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9
Q

can inc QRS and QT (proarrhythmic effect) duration so never use in patients with heart disease

A

Dolasetron (TOPNOTCH)

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10
Q

SE: gangrene (sec to Ischemia) in overdose, unusual hyperplasia of the retroperitoneal, retropleural or subendocardial cavity –> hydronephrosis, cardiac valvular and conduction system malfunction

A

Ergotamine (TOPNOTCH)

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11
Q

uterus becomes more sensitive to ergots during pregnancy, produce very powerful and long-lasting contraction leading to decreased bleeding, Never give before delivery of placenta

A

Ergonovine (TOPNOTCH)

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12
Q

PGE1 analogue, causes increased HCO3 and mucus secretion in stomach and uterine contraction

A

Misoprostol, Gemeprost (TOPNOTCH)

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13
Q

may also be used together with Mifepristone or Methotrexate as safe abortifacient

A

Misoprostol (TOPNOTCH)

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14
Q

Low concentrations contract, higher concentrations relax uterine and cervical smooth muscle, soften cervix at term before induction with oxytocin

A

Dinoprostone, Sulprostone (TOPNOTCH)

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15
Q

PGF2a analogue, increases outflow of aqueous humor thus reduces intraocular pressure; For glaucoma

A

Prostaglandin F2a analog: Latanoprost, Arboprost, Bimatoprost, Travoprost, Unoprostone (TOPNOTCH)

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16
Q

used primarily for pulmonary hypertension

A

Prostaglandin I2 analog: Epoprostenol, Beraprost, Iloprost, Treprostinil (TOPNOTCH)

17
Q

SE: Tachycadia, Nervousness, tremors, restlessness, arrythmias when used excessively, loss of responsiveness (tolerance, tachyphylaxis)

A

Beta2-selective agonist (short-acting): Albuterol/Salbutamol, Levalbuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Pirbuterol, Procaterol, Fenoterol (TOPNOTCH)

18
Q

Increase asthma mortality when used alone; May precipitate arrhytmias; usual DOA: 12hrs

A

Beta2-selective agonist (long acting): Salmeterol, Formoterol, Cleneterol, Bambuterol (TOPNOTCH)

19
Q

More effective and less toxic than beta agonists ith COPD

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist: Ipratropium, Tiotropium (TOPNOTCH)

20
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Adenosine receptor antagonist, causes bronchodilation and inc. strength of contraction of diaphragm; For asthma esp in nocturnal attacks

A

Methylxanthines: Theophylline, Aminophylline, Pentoxifylline (TOPNOTCH)

21
Q

Antidote in overdosage is BB. Higher clearance in adolescents and smokers. Narrow therapeutic window

A

Methylxanthines: Theophylline, Aminophylline, Pentoxifylline (TOPNOTCH)

22
Q

Prevents calcium influx and stabilizes mast cells, preventing degranulation and release of histamine, leukotrienes and mediators; for Asthma prophylaxis and allergies

A

Mast cell Stabilizer: Cromolyn, Nedocromil, Lodoxamide (TOPNOTCH)

23
Q

DOC for Asthma prophylaxis, First line treatment for moderate to severe BA, COPD

A

Corticosteroid: Fluticasone, Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Flunisolide, Mometasone, Triamcinolone, Ciclosenide (TOPNOTCH)

24
Q

For status asthmaticus

A

use IV prednisolone or hydrocortisone (TOPNOTCH)

25
Q

active metabolite of prednisone

A

prednisolone (TOPNOTCH)

26
Q

Inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase. Reduces synthesis of leukotrienes. Prevents airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction; For asthma prophylaxis

A

Zileuton (TOPNOTCH)

27
Q

No bronchodilator action, not recommended for acute BA attack

A

Zileuton, Montelukast, Zafirlukast, Pranlukast (TOPNOTCH)

28
Q

Binds IgE antibodies on sensitized mast cells and prevents activation by BA triggers and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators; For prophylaxis of severe, refractory asthma not responsive to all other drugs

A

Anti-IgE antibody: Omalizumab (TOPNOTCH)

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