III. Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
Define null hypothesis in a statistical test.
Consider any of the answers:
- The hypothesis that states there is no significant difference between specified populations.
- Assumes that any difference between the chosen characteristics is due to chance.
- No statistical relationship and significance exists in a set of given single observed variable, between two sets of observed data and measured phenomena.
The statement that will be tested is that students in Section A perform better in Health and Science than students in Section B. State the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.
Ho: There is no significant difference in performance in Health and Science between students in Section A and students in Section B.
Ha: Performance in Health and Science of students in Section A > performance in Health and Science of students in Section B.
The research problem that will be tested is that there is a significant relationship between numbers of hours sleeping and mental health condition among individuals aged 15 - 18 years old. State the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the no. of hours sleeping and mental health condition of the test sample.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between the no. of hours sleeping and mental health condition of the test sample.
This is a non-directional test with the region of rejection lying on both tails of the normal curve.
Two-tailed test.
This is a directional test with the region of rejection lying on either left or right tail of the normal curve.
One-tailed test.
Which of the 2 statements demonstrate a right-directional, one-tailed test?
A. Group M achieves higher marks than Group N in the pie-eating contest.
B. Elderlies perform less than the Middle-aged individuals in playing chess.
A
Which of the 2 statements show a left-directional, one-tailed test?
A. The average score of Gr. 4 students taking the test without eating breakfast is less than 50% of the total mark.
B. The average score of Gr. 4 students taking the test without eating breakfast is more than 50% of the total mark.
A
The mistake of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
Type I error
The measurement statisticians use to calculate the margin of error within a set of data.
Critical value
State the decision if the decision rule is to reject the null hypothesis if z <-1.96 or z>1.96 and z = 2.45.
Since z = 2.45 and it is > than 1.96, then the null hypothesis must be rejected.
