III. Done vertebral subluxation complex/syndrome

Question 1

The early subluxation paradigm stressed:

Answer 1

structural misalignment of spinal joints and the ill health effects this lesion
generated by compressing spinal nerve roots

Question 2

What is D.D Palmers definition of a subluxation?

Answer 2

Partial or incomplete separation of joint surfaces, one in which the
articular surfaces remain in partial contact

Question 3

What was the key physical finding of a subluxation according to D.D. Palmer?

Answer 3

Palpable joint misalignment

Question 4

What were the health effects of a subluxation, according to D.D. Palmer?

Answer 4

• Whole body

- Root cause of all disease

Question 5

DD claimed to have received the principles of chiropractic from:

Answer 5

a deceased medical doctor

Question 6

What is B.J Palmer’s definition of a subluxation?

Answer 6

Bone out of place model but later converted to the position that the upper cervical spine was the only
true site for subluxations

Question 7

What was the key physical finding of a subluxation according to B.J. Palmer?

Answer 7

• X-ray malposition

- Abnormal neurocalometer after 1924

Question 8

What were the health effects of a subluxation, according to B.J. Palmer?

Answer 8

• More adamant than his father about subluxations being the root cause
  of all disease

Question 9

Author of the 33 Principles (1927)

Answer 9

Ralph Stevenson

Question 10

Chiropractors who are guided by the 33 principles sometimes refer to themselves as:

Answer 10

“principled chiropractors”.

Question 11

What is the contemporary subluxation paradigm?

Answer 11

There is limited profession consensus on subluxation definitions but it is a more complex model incorporating both the structural and functional elements of joint integrity

Question 12

According to the contemporary subluxation paradigm, what are the key physical findings of a subluxation?

Answer 12

Incorporation of static and dynamic assessments of:

• joint play
• ROM
• end play

Question 13

Because of the contemporary subluxation paradigm, treatment decisions concerning adjustive therapy and adjustive vectors (once based predominantly on the direction of malposition) have to take into consideration:

Answer 13

an assessment of joint mobility and the directions of possible joint restriction.

Question 14

UWS curriculum considers both the ____ and ____ components of spinal subluxations/joint dysfunction.

Answer 14

static and functional

Question 15

What are the health effects of a subluxation, according to the contemporary subluxation paradigm?

Answer 15

• Rejection of monocausal concept of subluxation and disease because is runs contrary to the profession’s recent literature

Although the profession today emphasizes the important relationship
between health and the structure and function of the neuromusculoskeletal system it does not promote a monocausal concept of subluxation-induced disease.

Question 16

The ACA indexed (accidentally) in there synopsis of policies in 1990 what statement?

Answer 16

“Aberrant relationship between two adjacent articular structures
that may have functional or pathological sequelae, causing an alteration in the biomechanical and/or neurophysiological reflections of these articular structures, their proximal structures and/or systems that may be directly or indirectly affected by them.”

Sounds very traditional!! It was signed only to pass legislation and was promised to not be circulated but it was

Question 17

The CCR (Consortium for Chiropractic Research) consensus panel definition of subluxation?

Answer 17

Subluxation: A motion segment, in which alignment, movement integrity and/or physiologic function are altered although contact between joint surfaces remains intact.

Question 18

A theoretical model of motion segment dysfunction
(subluxation) that incorporates the complex interaction of pathologic changes in nerve, muscle, ligamentous, vascular and connective tissues.

Answer 18

Subluxation Complex

It is a theory, not a diagnosis

Question 19

An aggregate of signs and symptoms that relate to

pathophysiology or dysfunction of spinal and pelvic motion segments or to peripheral joints.

Answer 19

Subluxation Syndrome

This IS a diagnosis, not just a theory

Question 20

ACC (Association of Chiropractic Colleges) consensus definition of subluxation?

Answer 20

a complex of functional and/or structural and/or pathological
articular changes that compromise neural integrity and may influence organ system function and general health. A subluxation is evaluated, diagnosed, and managed through the use of chiropractic procedures based on the best available rational and empirical evidence

This is the most popular definition