II-2: Celica 1-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Katere makromolekule in mikromolekule poznamo?

A

Beljakovine
Polisaharidi
Nukleinske kisline
Lipidi

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2
Q

Kako je zgrajena aminokislina?

A

Karboksilna skupina
Amino skupina
R - stranska veja

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3
Q

Kako se makro/mikromolekule povezujejo med sabo?

A

Beljakovine - pepitdna vez
Polisaharidi - glikosidična vez (α in β)
Lipidi - esterska vez

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4
Q

Kako se lahko izoblikujejo polipeptidi?

A

Normalno, vijačnica, naguban list

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5
Q

Kaj je razlika med α in β glukozo?

A

α - OH skupaj = škrob
β - OH narazen = celuloza

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6
Q

Kako je zgrajena nukleinska kislina?

A

fosfatna skupina
sladkor pentoza ([deoksi]riboza)
dušikova baza

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7
Q

Na kaj delimo dušikove baze?

A

purini (6-5, G,A)
pirimidini (6, C,U,T)

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8
Q

Kaj je značilno za lipide?

A

Nepolarni

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9
Q

Katere lipide poznamo?

A

maščobe
fosfolipidi
steroidi

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10
Q

Kaj je med živalskimi celicami?

A

medceličnina (večinoma kolagen)

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11
Q

Kaj izločajo živalske celice?

A

Odpadne snovi
Signalne snovi (hormoni)
Snovi, ki gradijo medceličnino

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12
Q

Kaj je med rastlinskimi celicami?

A

Celična stena

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13
Q

Kaj je razlika med celično steno rastlin in gob?

A

rastline - glukoza –> celuloza
gobe - glukozamin –> hitin

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14
Q

Kako se rastlinske celice povezujejo?

A

kanalčki oz. plazmodezme

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