IHD Part 2 lectures Flashcards
Intro to med: What is the relevance of history and examination to dental practice?
First line screening
Dental signs of systemic disease
Impact of disease on dental treatment
Impact of dental treatment / therapy on ill patients
Intro to med: What are the components of a medical history?
Presenting complaint Current medical Hx Past Medical Hx Family Hx Social Hx Drug Hx etc
Intro to med: What are the signs of chest disease?
Cough Sputum Wheezing Cyanosis Dyspnoea Haemoptysis Chest pain
Intro to med: What are the differential diagnosis for wheezing?
Asthma Bronchitis Vocal cord dysfunction Foreign body aspiration Infections Congestive heart failure COPD Forced expiration in normal subjects Cystic fibrosis
Intro to med: What are the differential diagnosis for chest pain?
Pleuritic - sharp stabbing on inspiration Chest wall - costochondritis Pulmonary -pneumothorax Cardiac - myocardial infarction Great vessels - dissection Oesophageal - reflux Gall bladder -cholecystitis
Intro to med: What are the risk factors for heart disease?
Smoking Heavy drinking Inactivity Overweight / obesity Diabetes…….
Intro to med: What are the symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
Infections (skin, gums or urinary tract) Weakness Drowsiness, fatigue Tingling in hands and feet Swelling of hands and feet Itchy skin Thrush
Intro to med: What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
Excessive thirst Frequent urination Weakness Drowsiness, fatigue Sudden weight-loss Sudden change in vision Blurred vision Nausea and vomiting
Intro to med: What common oral health problems can be found in Diabetes?
Tooth decay Periodontal disease Salivary gland dysfunction Inflammatory skin disease (lichen planus) Infection & delayed healing Taste impairment
Intro to surgery: What is surgery?
“The art of healing by manual operation.
“The branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures”.
Intro to surgery: What are the types of surgery?
Elective - not immediate, planned Emergency (Immediate, Urgent) Expedited - not immediate but more urgent than elective - fast tracked Laparoscopic, Microsurgery Day Surgery
Intro to surgery: What are the classifications of surgery?
Major – cancer resection
Intermediate – Hernia Repair
Minor – Excision of Lipoma
Intro to surgery: What does a surgeon do?
Diagnosis
Treatment options -Surgical/ Non-surgical
Operate
Post-op care
- Immediate post-op care
- Rehabilitation
- Follow-up care
Intro to surgery: What is involved in pre-op care?
Safe surgery:
Informed consent
Anticipate complications
- Blood loss prevention/replacement
- Infection issues
Safe anaesthetic
- Airway
- Assess co-morbidities
- Specific heart/lung investigation
Intro to surgery: What is the ASA classification? LEARN
ASA I Healthy patient
ASA II Mild systemic disease with no functional limitation - controlled hypertension (e.g. fit and healthy but smokes/pregnant)
ASA III Severe systemic disease with definite functional limitation - COPD
ASA IV Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life - unstable angina (GTN spray does not work)
ASA V Moribund patient who is not expected to survive for 24 hours with or without surgery - ruptured aortic aneurysm
Suffix E Emergency procedure
