IHC - QUIZ 2 Flashcards
Absence of microorganisms
Asepsis
Invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
Infection
Soiled with microorganisms
Contamination
Inactive but viable state of microorganisms
Spores
Free from microorganisms (boiling and autoclaving)
Sterile
Ability to produce disease
Pathogenicity
Pathogen that causes disease only to susceptible individuals
Opportunistic Pathogen
Person or animal that harbors an infectious agent and capable of transferring it to other people (it does not produce symptoms, but you have it)
Carrier
Presence of microorganisms in the body secretions or excretions that does not cause illness
Colonization
Disease-causing microorganisms including bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites
Etiologic agent
Differs from severity and signs and symptoms
Etiologic agent
Place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host
Reservoir
when there is an opportunity to infect
human beings, animals, inanimate objects, plants, general environment (air, soil)
Reservoir
After microorganism finds a site to grow and multiply, they need to find a portal of exit if they are to enter another host or cause disease
Portal of exit from reservoir
example of ___________
sputum, emesis (vomit), stool, blood
Portal of exit from reservoir
True or False:
You have to seldomly wear your gloves when cleaning discharges from patient
False: Always
What type of portal of exit?
- Droplets, sputum
Respiratory
What type of portal of exit?
- Vomitus, feces, saliva, drainage tubes
Gastrointestinal tract
What type of portal of exit?
- Urine, urethral catheters
Urinary
What type of portal of exit?
- Semen, vaginal discharge
Reproductive
What type of portal of exit?
- Open wound, needle puncture site
Blood
Immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse
Contact Transmission: Direct
Vehicle borne or vector borne
Contact Transmission: Indirect
MRS. WEE?
Multidrug resistant program
Respiratory infection
Skin infection*
Wound infection
Enteric infection - clostridium difficile
Eye infection - conjunctivitis
Skin Infections (VCHIPS)
Varicella zoster
Cutaneous diphtheria
Herpes simplex
Impetigo
Pediculosis
Scabies
Any sustbance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable portal of entry
INDIRECT - Vehicle-borne transmission
Animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent, may occur by injecting salivary fluid during biting or by depositing feces or other materials on the skin through the bite wound or a traumatized skin area
INDIRECT - Vector-borne transmission
Droplet nuclei or residue or evaporated droplets suspended in the air during coughing and sneezing or carried on dust particles. May involve droples or dust
Airborne Transmission
Droplet nuclei, the residue of evaporated droplets emitted by an infected ost such as someone with tuberculosis, can remain in the air for long periods
Droplet Transmission
Transmitted by air currents to a suitable portal of entry, usually, the respiratory tract, of another person
Droplet Transmission
