IGNEOUS ROCK

Question 1

how is it formed

Answer 1

molten rock then cools

Question 2

EXTRUSIVE

Answer 2

crystallizes at surface

explosive or flowing

Question 3

INTRUSIVE

Not magma

Answer 3

crystallizes at depth (slow)

plutonic rocks

Question 4

Intrusive features

Answer 4

Batholith
Laccolith (cooled dome of magma)-tower
Sills
Dykes

Question 5

Volcanic types

Answer 5

shield
cinder cone
compositie cone

Question 6

geothermal gradient

Answer 6

emperature increases within Earth’s upper crust. Average 25oC per km

Question 7

What happens when melting begins?

Answer 7

Confining Pressure drops slightly •Temperature increases slighty•
Volatiles(fluids, gases) are introduced

Question 8

magmatic differentiation

Answer 8

formation of one or more secondary magmas from a SINGLE PARENT

Question 9

formation of mafic magma

Answer 9

direct melting of mantle

Question 10

formation of felsic or intermediate magma

Answer 10

WITHIN CONTINENTS

mafic+ melted crust

Question 11

FELSIC

Answer 11

granitic composition
rich in silica
CONTINENTIAL CRUST

Question 12

MAFIC

Answer 12

basaltic composition
dark silicates
OCEAN FLOOR and VOLCANIC ISLANDS

Question 13

INTERMEDIATE

Answer 13

andesite composition

continental margins and volcanic activity

Question 14

ULTRAMAFIC

Answer 14

deep ocean floor