IGCSE REVISION (FORM 4) Flashcards
state the standard scientific units for weight
N (vector)
Density
The amount of mass per unit volume
state the standard scientific units for acceleration
m/s2 (vector)
state the standard scientific units for volume
m3
Isotope
An atom where there is the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Voltage
The electrical energy difference for 1 Coulomb of charge
state the standard scientific units for power
Watt
Current
The amount of charge flowing in 1 second
state the equation used to calculate force
F (force) = m (mass) x a (acceleration)
state the equation to calculate critical angle
sin (critical angle) = 1 / refractive index
Sin(c) = 1/n
Kinetic Energy
The energy associated with the motion of an object
state the standard scientific units for voltage
V
state the standard scientific units for area
m2
state the standard scientific units for kinetic energy
J
state the equation used to calculate velocity
v (velocity) = D (distance) / t (time)
state the standard scientific units for density
kg/m3
state the equation for law of reflection
i=r
Work Done
The amount of energy changed from one form to another
Acceleration
The change in velocity in 1 second
state the equation used to calculate wave speed
wave speed = frequency x wavelength
v = f × λ
state the equation used to calculate pressure
pressure = force / area
P = F / A
state the equation used to calculate density
density = mass / volume
p = m / V
Longitudinal Wave
A wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction of the wave
state the standard scientific units for time
s
Transverse Wave
A wave where the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave
Period
The time for one complete oscillation
Power
The amount work done in 1 second
state the standard scientific units for Pressure
Pa, N/m2
Pressure
The force per unit area
Total Internal Reflection
The reflection of a wave when it meets a boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle
Amplitude
The distance from the equilibrium position of a wave to the peak
state the equation used to convert kelvin to celcius
Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15
state the standard scientific units for wavelength
m
state the equation used to calculate energy transfer
Energy tranfer = Work done
Radiation
The transfer of energy using electromagnetic waves
state the equation used to calculate work done
work done = force x distance moved in direction of force
WD= F x d
Efficiency
The useful work done divided by the total energy put in
Terminal Speed
The constant speed of an object when the driving force is balanced by friction
Resistance
The opposition to the flow of current in a circuit
state the standard scientific units for current
Amp
state the equation used to calculate voltage (Ohm’s Law)
voltage = current x resistance
V = I x R
Velocity
The distance an object travels in a certain direction in 1 second
Frequency
The number of oscillations in 1 second
Convection
the transfer of heat, due to it being carried by a moving fluid
state the equation to calculate efficiency
useful energy out/total energy in
state the equation used to calculate electrical power
electrical power = current x voltage
P = I x V
state the equation to calculate weight
W=mg
Gamma Waves
High frequency electromagnetic waves
Refraction
The bending of a wave when it moves from one material into another
state the equation to calculate a spring constant (Hooke’s law)
force = spring constant x extension
F = ke
state the standard scientific units for energy
J
state the standard scientific units for resistance
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state the standard scientific units for force
N (vector)
Brownian Motion
The random motion of atoms and molecules in a gas or liquid
state the standard scientific units for mass
kg
Gravitational Potential Energy
The energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field
state the standard scientific units for displacement
m (vector)
Conduction
The transfer of heat due to collisions between particles
state the equation to calculate GPE
mgh
Critical Angle
The angle of incidence when the angle of refraction is 90 degrees
state the standard scientific units for distance
m
state the equation used to calculate charge
charge = current x time
Q = I x t
state the standard scientific units for charge
Coulomb
state the equation to calculate KE
kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x speed2
1/2 m x v2
Wavelength
The distance a wave travels for one complete oscillation
Boyle’s Law
The pressure of gas is inversely proportional to the volume
state the standard scientific units for velocity
m/s (vector)
Ultrasound
Sound waves with a frequency greater than 20kHz
state the standard scientific units for speed
m/s
Weight
The force on an object as a result of gravity
state the standard scientific units for gravitational field strength
N/kg, m/s2 (vector)
state the equation to calculate acceleration
acceleration = change in velocity / time taken
a = (v - u) / t
state the standard scientific units for frequency
Hz, /s, s-1
List the E-M Spectrum
Radio, Micro, Infra-Red, Visible, Ultra-Violet, X-rays, Gamma-rays
state the equation to calculate time period
time period = 1 / frequency
T = 1/f
state the equation used for Boyle’s Law
P1V1=P2V2