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IFR Quick Review > IFR Stuff > Flashcards

IFR Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Personal Documents Required

A

P - Pilot Certificate
P - Photo ID
M - Medical Certificate

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2
Q

Aircraft Documents Required

A 
A - Airworthiness Certificate
R - Registration Certificate
R - Radio Station License (if int’l)
O - Operating Limitations (AFM/POH)
W - Weight and Balance Data
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3
Q

Maintenance Inspections Required

A 
A - Annual (12 Cal. Mos)
V - VOR (30 days)
1 - 100 Hour (a/c for hire)
A - Altimeter/Static (24 Cal. Mos)
T - Transponder (24 Cal. Mos)
E - ELT (12 Cal. Mos)
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4
Q

Preflight Info for IFR

A 
N - NOTAMs
W - Weather reports/forecasts
K - Known ATC Delays
R - Runway length(s) of intended use
A - Alternatives available
F - Fuel requirements
T - Takeoff/landing performance data
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5
Q

Preflight self-assessment

A 
I - Illness?
M - Medication?
S - Stress?
A - Alcohol?
F - Fatigue?
E - Emotion?
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6
Q

Risk management and personal minimums

A

P - Pilot
A - Aircraft
V - enVironment
E - External pressure

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7
Q

Minimum experience required for instrument rating

A

50 hours XC PIC time
- of which, 10 hours in airplanes
40 hours actual/sim instrument
- of which, 15 hours with CFII, including:
- 1 XC Flight of:
- 250 nm
- along Airways or directed by ATC
- IAP at each airport
- 3 different kinds of approach
- with a filed flight plan
- 3 hours in last 2 Cal. Mos prior to practical

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8
Q

Instrument PIC Recency of Experience

A

Last 6 calendar months (actual/simulated, or FTD/ATD, in same a/c category) logged 6 HITS:

  • 6 instrument approaches
  • Holding procedures and tasks
  • Intercept and Track courses
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9
Q

What do you need if you’ve allowed your Instrument PIC Recency to lapse?

A

More than 6 Cal. Mos. but less than 12:

  • 6 HITS to get current
  • with safety pilot, instructor, or examiner if not in FTD/ATD

More than 12 Cal. Mos:

  • Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC)
  • with a CFII, Examiner or approved person
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10
Q

What do you need to carry passengers during the day as PIC?

A
  • 3 Takeoffs/landings in last 90 days in same category, class and type (if req’d)
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11
Q

What do you need to carry passengers at night as PIC?

A

In the previous 90 days, you must have performed and logged 3 full stop takeoffs and landings between one hour after sunset and one hour before sunrise.

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12
Q

What do you need to act as PIC?

A

Flight review in the last 24 cal. mos.

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13
Q

When must you file an alternate?

A
  • No IAP at destination, AND/OR
  • Weather at destination forecast to be:
    • From 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA:
      • Ceilings less than 2000’ AND/OR
      • Visibility less than 3 SM
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14
Q

Standard alternate weather minima for airport with Precision Approach Procedure(s):

A

At least 600’ ceiling and 2 SM visibility at ETA

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15
Q

Standard alternate weather minima for airport with only Nonprecision Approach Procedure(s):

A

At least 800’ ceilings and 2 SM visibility at ETA

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16
Q

Standard alternate weather minima for airport with no IAP(s):

A

Ceiling and visibility that allow a descent from MEA, approach and landing under basic VFR at ETA

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17
Q

What does CRAFT-V stand for?

A 
C - Clearance Limit
R - Route
A - Altitude
F - Frequency (for departure)
T - Transponder code
V - Void time (if given)
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18
Q

What is a Clearance Void Time?

A

The time at which your clearance is void and after which you may not Takeoff. You must notify ATC within 30 minutes after the void time if you did not depart.

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19
Q

Mandatory Reports under IFR

A 
M - Missed Approach
A - Airspeed +/- 10 kts or 5% of filed TAS
R - Reaching a holding fix (time and altitude)
V - VFR on Top
E* - ETA change +/- 3 minutes
L - Leaving a holding fix/point
O* - Outer marker
U - Unforecasted Weather
S - Safety of flight
V - Vacating an altitude
F* - Final Approach Fix
R - Radio/Nav failure
C* - Compulsory Reporting Points
500 - Unable climb/descend 500 fpm
    • Required only in non-radar environment
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20
Q

What do you do upon crossing a fix for a hold?

A 
Turn
Time
Twist
Throttle
Talk
Track
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21
Q

Unless otherwise specified, the inbound leg of the holding pattern should be:

A
  • At or below 14,000’; 1 minute

- Above 14,000’; 1.5 minutes

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22
Q

What is the maximum speed in a hold up to 6000’ MSL?

A

200 KIAS

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23
Q

What is the maximum speed in a hold from 6001’ - 14,000’ MSL?

A

230 KIAS

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24
Q

What is the maximum speed in a hold above 14,000’ MSL?

A

265 KIAS

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25
Q

What is DA/DH?

A

Decision Altitude/Decision Height; the lowest you can descend on a precision approach without the landing environment in sight.

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26
Q

What is MDA/MDH?

A

Minimum Descent Altitude/Height; the lowest you can descend on a non-precision approach if you don’t have the landing environment in sight.

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27
Q

What is MAA?

A

Maximum Authorized Altitude

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28
Q

What is MCA?

A

Minimum Crossing Altitude

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29
Q

What is the MEA?

A

The Minimum Enroute Altitude, which is the lowest altitude on a route segment/airway that assures navigational signal coverage AND obstacle clearance.

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30
Q

What is the MOCA?

A

Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude, which is the lowest altitude on a route segment/airway that assures obstacle clearance and navigational signal coverage, but only within 22 nm of the NAVAID

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31
Q

What is the MRA?

A

Minimum Reception Altitude

32
Q

What is the MVA?

A

Minimum Vectoring Altitude

33
Q

What is the OROCA?

A

The Off-Route Obstruction Clearance Altitude, which assures obstacle clearance within 4nm of course. 1000’ about non-mountainous terrain; 2000’ above mountainous.

34
Q

What altitude should be flown if comms are lost?

A

The HIGHEST of:
M - MEA
E - Expected
A - Assigned

35
Q

What route should be flown if comms are lost?

A

IN ORDER:

A - Assigned, or if none;
V - Vectored, or if none;
E - Expected, or if none;
F - Filed

36
Q

When should a procedure turn NOT be flown?

A 
S - Straight-in approach
H - Holding in lieu of PT
A - Arc
R - Radar vectored
P - NoPT depicted on chart
T - Timed approach
T - Teardrop course reversal
37
Q

What are the types of precision approach?

A
  • ILS (Instrument Landing System)
  • MLS (Microwave Landing System)
  • PAR (Precision Approach Radar)
  • GLS (GNSS Landing System)
  • TLS (Transponder Landing System)
38
Q

What are the types of non-precision approaches without vertical guidance?

A
  • VOR
  • NDB
  • RNAV/GNSS (LNAV minimums)
  • LOC
  • LDA (Localizer-type Directional Aid)
  • SDF (Simplified Directional Facility)
  • ASR (Approach Surveillance Radar)
39
Q

What are the types of non-precision approaches with vertical guidance, or APV’s?

A
  • LDA with a glide slope (GS)

- RNAV/GNSS (LPV, LNAV/VNAV, baro-VNAV)

40
Q

When can a Contact Approach be authorized?

A
  • Must be requested by the pilot
  • A/C must have 1 SM visibility and stay clear of clouds
  • Airport must have an approved IAP
41
Q

When can a Visual Approach be authorized?

A
  • Can be either initiated by ATC or requested by the pilot
  • Airport must have basic VFR (1000’ ceilings and 3SM visibility)
  • Pilot must have either the airport or traffic to follow in sight
42
Q

Minimum Equipment for VFR Day flight?

A

A - Altimeter

T - Tachometer(s)
O - Oil Temp Indicator(s)
M - Manifold Pressure Gauge(s)
A - Airspeed Indicator
T - Temperature Gauge(s) (liquid-cooled)
O - Oil Pressure Gauge(s)
F - Fuel Quantity Gauge(s)
L - Landing Gear Position Lights
A - Anticollision Lights
M - Magnetic Direction Indicator
E - ELT
S - Safety Belts/Shoulder Harnesses
43
Q

Minimum Equipment for VFR Night flight?

A

All VFR Day PLUS:

F - Fuses (full set of spares)
L - Landing Light (if for hire)
A - Anticollision Lights
P - Position Lights (nav lights)
S - Source of Power (such as a battery)
44
Q

Minimum Equipment for IFR flight?

A

All VFR Day AND Night PLUS:

G - Generator/alternator
R - Radios (comms and nav req’d for NAVAIDs)
A - Adjustable Altimeter
B - Ball (slip-skid)

C - Clock (hours, minutes and seconds)
A - Attitude Indicator
R - Rate of Turn Indicator
D - Directional Gyro
D - DME (if above FL240)
45
Q

What is the standard service volume for a Terminal VOR?

A

25 nm radius from 1000’-12,000’

46
Q

What is the standard service volume for a Low-Altitude VOR?

A

40 nm radius from 1000’-18,000’

47
Q

What is the standard service volume for a High-Altitude VOR?

A
  • 40 nm radius from 1000’-14,500’
  • 100 nm radius from 14,500’-18,000’
  • 130 nm radius from 18,000’-45,000’
  • 100 nm radius from 45,000’-60,000’
48
Q

What is the frequency scale for VORs?

A

108.0 - 117.95 MHz

49
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a VOT check?

A

+/- 4*

50
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a VOR check at a Repair Facility?

A

+/- 4*

51
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a VOR check at a ground checkpoint?

A

+/- 4*

52
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a VOR check over an airborne checkpoint?

A

+/- 6*

53
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a Dual VOR Cross-check?

A

+/- 4*

54
Q

Per 91.171, what is the acceptable error when performing a VOR Check over a prominent landmark?

A

If on a selected radial, at least 20 nm from the VOR, and at a “reasonably low altitude,” +/- 6*

55
Q

When performing a VOR check, what information must be recorded?

A

D - Date
E - Error
P - Place
S - Signature

56
Q

What are the types of altitude?

A 
P - Pressure
A - Absolute
D - Density
I - Indicated
T - True
57
Q

What is Pressure Altitude?

A

Altitude above the Standard Datum Plane.

58
Q

What is Absolute Altitude?

A

Height above terrain.

59
Q

What is Density Altitude?

A

Pressure Altitude corrected for non-standard temperature.

60
Q

What is Indicated Altitude?

A

The uncorrected altitude as indicated on the Altimeter when set to the local barometric pressure setting.

61
Q

What is True Altitude?

A

Altitude above Mean Sea Level (MSL).

62
Q

What are the types of airspeed?

A

I - Indicated (IAS)
C - Calibrated (CAS)
E - Equivalent (EAS)
T - True (TAS)

M - Mach number
G - Ground Speed (GS)

63
Q

What is Indicated Airspeed?

A

Airspeed as indicated on the Airspeed Indicator.

64
Q

What is Calibrated Airspeed?

A

Indicated Airspeed corrected for instrument and position errors.

65
Q

What is Equivalent Airspeed?

A

Calibrated Airspeed corrected for compressibility errors.

66
Q

What is True Airspeed?

A

Actual speed through the air. Equivalent Airspeed corrected for nonstandard temperature and pressure.

67
Q

What is Mach number?

A

The ratio of True Airspeed to the local speed of sound.

68
Q

What is Ground speed?

A

Actual speed over the ground. True Airspeed corrected for wind conditions.

69
Q

What are the errors and limitations of a magnetic compass?

A 
D - Deviation
V - Variation
M - Magnetic Dip
O - Oscillation
N - North/South turning errors (NOSE)
A - Acceleration errors (ANDS)
70
Q

What is Compass Deviation?

A

It is an error in the compass that is caused by local magnetic fields. It is countered by use of a compass deviation card.

71
Q

What is Magnetic Variation?

A

It is the tendency of the compass to point towards magnetic north rather than true north. It is countered by referencing the Isogonic lines on a chart.

72
Q

What is Magnetic Dip?

A

It is the tendency for the magnetic compass to tilt downward towards the Earth, and is caused by the Earth’s magnetic fields dipping inwards at the poles, like the splines of a pumpkin.

73
Q

What is Oscillation, with regards to a Magnetic Compass?

A

It is the movement of the compass within the fluid. It is caused by the movement and vibrations of the aircraft, and simply makes the compass difficult to read.

74
Q

What are North/South Turning Errors, with regards to a Magnetic Compass?

A

When in the Northern Hemisphere, and initiating a turn from a North or South heading, the compass displays a turning error.

  • North: The compass will initially indicate a turn in the opposite direction, then lag behind.
  • South: The compass will indicate a turn in the same direction, but at a must faster rate.
  • It can be remembered by the acronym NOSE (North Opposite, South Exaggerated)
  • When turning to a North or South heading, the compass will tend to Undershoot North, and Overshoot South (UNOS)
75
Q

What are Acceleration Errors, with regards to a Magnetic Compass?

A

When in the Northern Hemisphere, and accelerating or decelerating on an easterly or westerly heading, the compass with initially indicate a turn. The direction of the term can be remembered with the acronym ANDS (Accelerate North, Decelerate South).

IFR Quick Review (4 decks)

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