Ieltsbuddy-reading Flashcards
Various (adj)
several different
SYNONYM: diverse
-various types/forms/kinds of somebody/something
Grind (v)
grind something (down/up) | grind something (to/into something) : to break or press something into very small pieces between two hard surfaces or using a special machine
- to grind coffee/corn
- The animal has teeth that grind its food into a pulp.
Steam (n)
- the hot gas that water changes into when it boils
- a Turkish steam bath - the power that is produced from steam under pressure, used to operate engines, machines, etc.
- a steam train/engine
Viable (adj)
that can be done; that will be successful (gelişebilir)
SYNONYM feasible
- a viable option/proposition
- There is no viable alternative.
Coal (n)
Kömür
Drawback (n)
drawback (of/to something) | drawback (of/to doing something) : a disadvantage or problem that makes something a less attractive idea
SYNONYM disadvantage, snag
- The main drawback to it is the cost.
- This is the one major drawback of the new system.
Pollute (v)
- The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.
- a society polluted by racism
Forefront (n)
Idioms
at/in/to the forefront (of something) :
in or into an important or leading position in a particular group or activity
-Women have always been at the forefront of the Green movement.
Diminish (v)
to become smaller, weaker, etc.; to make something become smaller, weaker, etc.
SYNONYM decrease
-The world’s resources are rapidly diminishing.
set up (phrasal v)
set somebody up:
to provide somebody with the money that they need in order to do something
-A bank loan helped to set him up in business.
to make somebody healthier, stronger, more lively, etc.
-The break from work really set me up for the new year.
to trick somebody, especially by making them appear guilty of something
-He denied the charges, saying the police had set him up.
set something up:
to create something or start it
-to set up a business
to build something or put something somewhere
-The police set up roadblocks on routes out of the city.
to make a piece of equipment or a machine ready for use
-She set up her guitar and amp in her bedroom.
Oppose (v)
to disagree strongly with somebody’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it or prevent it from succeeding
-Do you support or oppose this proposal?
Nearby (adj)
-There were complaints from nearby residents.
Interfere (v)
to get involved in and try to influence a situation that should not really involve you, in a way that annoys other people
-I wish my mother would stop interfering and let me make my own decisions.
Predict (v)
to say that something will happen in the future
SYNONYM forecast
- Nobody could predict the outcome.
- to predict the future
Set target
-Set yourself targets that you can reasonably hope to achieve.
(Target: a result that you try to achieve)
Roughly (adv)
Aşağı yukarı, kabaca
approximately but not exactly
-Sales are up by roughly 10 per cent.
Compared to
-an increase of over 11% compared to the same period last year
Spoil (v)
- spoil something to change something good into something bad, unpleasant, etc.
SYNONYM ruin
-Our camping trip was spoilt by bad weather.
- spoil somebody to give a child everything that they ask for and not enough discipline in a way that has a bad effect on their character and behaviour
SYNONYM overindulge
-She spoils those kids of hers.
Offshore (adj)
Kıyıdan uzak
happening or existing in the sea, not far from the land
Annually (adv)
-The exhibition is held annually.
Seaboard (n)
Kıyı bölgesi
-Australia’s eastern seaboard
Construct (v)
to build or make something such as a road, building or machine
-The building was constructed in 1993.
Air rage (n)
a situation in which a passenger on a plane becomes violent or aggressive
Phenomenon (n)
a fact or an event in nature or society, especially one that is not fully understood
Widely (adv)
by a lot of people; in or to many places
-The term is widely used in everyday speech.
Assault (n)
- the crime of attacking somebody physically
- assault (on/upon/against somebody/something) (by an army, etc.) : the act of attacking a building, an area, etc. in order to take control of it
SYNONYM attack
Attendant (n)
- a person whose job is to serve or help people in a public place
- a cloakroom/parking/museum attendant
- flight attendant - a person who takes care of and lives or travels with an important person or a sick or disabled person
Commit (v)
to do something wrong or illegal
-to commit a crime/an offence
Convention (n)
- the way in which something is done that most people in a society expect and consider to be polite or the right way to do it
- the rigid social conventions of Victorian Britain - a large meeting of the members of a profession, a political party, etc.
SYNONYM conference
-the Democratic Party Convention
Precedence (n)
(over somebody/something) : the condition of being more important than somebody else and therefore coming or being dealt with first
SYNONYM priority
-She had to learn that her wishes did not take precedence over other people’s needs.
Gather (v)
Idioms
- to come together, or bring people together, in one place to form a group
- A crowd soon gathered.
- Can you all gather round? I’ve got something to tell you.
- The whole family gathered together at Ray’s home.
- be gathered + adv./prep. They were all gathered round the TV. - to bring things together that have been spread around gather something -People slowly gathered their belongings and left the hall.
engage in (phrasal v)
engage in something | engage somebody in something : to take part in something; to make somebody take part in something
-Even in prison, he continued to engage in criminal activities.
Indicate (v)
to show that something is true or exists
-The study/evidence/report indicates that…
to be a sign of something; to show that something is possible or likely
-A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day.
Incident (n)
- something that happens, especially something unusual or unpleasant
- a serious or violent event, such as a crime, an accident or an attack
- a disagreement between two countries, often involving military forces
- a border/diplomatic incident
Congestion (n)
the state of being crowded and full of traffic
-traffic congestion and pollution
Disruption (n)
- (to somebody/something) : a situation in which it is difficult for something to continue in the normal way; the act of stopping something from continuing in the normal way
- We aim to help you move house with minimum disruption to yourself. - significant change to an industry or market due to innovation (= new ideas or methods) in technology
Intruder (n)
a person who enters a building or an area illegally
Berserk (adj)
very angry, often in a violent way or without control
-He went berserk when he found out where I’d been.
Fellow (adj)
used to describe somebody who is the same as you in some way, or in the same situation
- fellow citizens/students
- my fellow passengers on the train
