ieb definitions

Question 1

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Answer 1

every particle with mass in the universe attracts every other particle with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres

Question 2

Lenz’s Law

Answer 2

the induced current flows in a direction so as to set up a magnetic field to oppose the change in magnetic flux

Question 3

Work-Energy Theorem

Answer 3

work done by a net force on an object is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of the object

Question 4

Work

Answer 4

the product of the displacement and the component of the force parallel to the displacement

Question 5

Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Answer 5

the emf induced is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux

Question 6

emf

Answer 6

total energy supplied per coulomb of charge by the cell

Question 7

Magnetic Flux Linkage

Answer 7

the product of the number of turns on the coil and the flux through the coil

Question 8

Work Function

Answer 8

the minimum amount of energy needed to emit an electron from the surface of a metal

Question 9

Impulse (J)

Answer 9

the product of the net force and the contact time

Question 10

Efficiency

Answer 10

the ratio of output power to input power

Question 11

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 11

the total energy in a system cannot be created nor destroyed; only transformed from one form to another

Question 12

Inertia

Answer 12

the property of an object that causes it to resist change in its state of rest or uniform motion

Question 13

Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum

Answer 13

the total linear momentum of an isolated system is conserved

Question 14

Elastic Collision

Answer 14

a collision in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved

Question 15

Inelastic Collision

Answer 15

a collision in which only momentum is conserved

Question 16

Photoelectric Effect

Answer 16

the process that occurs when light shines on a metal and electrons are ejected

Question 17

Newton’s Second Law

Answer 17

when a net force (Fnet) is applied to an object of mass (m), it accelerates in the direction of the net force.
the acceleration (a) is directly proportional to Fnet and inversely proportional to m

Question 18

Coulomb’s Law

Answer 18

two point charges in free space or air exert forces on each other.
the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square of the distance between charges

Question 19

Ohm’s Law

Answer 19

current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across the conductor at constant temperature

Question 20

Kinetic Energy

Answer 20

the energy an object has as a result of the object’s motion

Question 21

Resistance

Answer 21

a material’s opposition to the flow of electric current

Question 22

Resultant Vector

Answer 22

the single vector which has the same effect as the original vectors acting together

Question 23

Scalar

Answer 23

physical quantity that has magnitude only

Question 24

Current

Answer 24

rate of flow of charge

Question 25

Vector

Answer 25

physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction

Question 26

Normal Force

Answer 26

perpendicular force exerted by a surface on an object in contact with it

Question 27

Newton’s Third Law

Answer 27

when object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A

Question 28

Weight (Fg)

Answer 28

the gravitational force the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface

Question 29

Mechanical Energy

Answer 29

the sum of gravitational potential and kinetic energy at a point

Question 30

Power

Answer 30

the rate at which work is done
OR
the rate at which energy is transferred

Question 31

Gravitational Potential Energy

Answer 31

the energy that an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point

Question 32

Principle of Conservation of Mechanical Energy

Answer 32

in the absence of air resistance or any external forces, the mechanical energy of an object is constant

Question 33

Diode

Answer 33

a component that only allows current to flow in one direction

Question 34

Frictional Force (Ff)

Answer 34

the force that opposes the motion of an object

Question 35

Threshold Frequency

Answer 35

the minimum frequency of incident radiation at which electrons will be emitted from a particular metal

Question 36

Potential Difference

Answer 36

work done per unit positive charge

Question 37

Newton’s First Law

Answer 37

an object continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless it is acted upon by a net or resultant force

Question 38

Electric Field

Answer 38

a region of space in which an electric charge experiences a force.
direction of the electric field at a point is the direction a positive test charge would flow at that point

Question 39

Gravitational Field

Answer 39

the force acting per unit mass

Question 40

Magnitude of Electric Field

Answer 40

the force per unit positive charge

Question 41

Newton’s Second Law in Terms of Momentum

Answer 41

the net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum