Idustrial Revolution

Question 1

How did the factory system impact the textile industry?

Answer 1

It allowed lots of spinning jennys to be made

Question 2

What was the spinning jenny and how did it work?

Answer 2

A multi-spindle spinning frame, which spun yarn. It used electricity to spin cotton

Question 3

What is the Industrial Revolution (IR)

Answer 3

The transition to new manufacturing processes between 1760-1840. It was started in England

Question 4

What was the average life expectancy before the IR?

Answer 4

25-35

Question 5

What percent of the world was engaged in farming pre-IR?

Answer 5

80%

Question 6

How was it a chain reaction?

Answer 6

Every industry(manufacturing, textiles, mining etc) relied on and enhanced each other. The mining industry allowed easy and cheap electricity, which allowed the factory business to grow, which made more spinning jennys, which allowed the textiles business to grow

Question 7

Why did it start in Europe?

Answer 7

They had cultural superiority, science and a small population

Question 8

Why didn’t India or China have the IR first, since it was at the same point in manufacturing as Europe?

Answer 8

Europeans had coal and high wages. China had no coal, and India was in such a good position with textiles that it didn’t need it

Question 9

Why were steam engines invented?

Answer 9

To transport coal

Question 10

What are the main inventions if the IR?

Answer 10

The steam engine, railroads, flying shuttle and cotton jenny

Question 11

What was good about coal?

Answer 11

It was really cheap, and it could replace wood for heating, etc

Question 12

Between 1700-1750 how much did coal production increase?

Answer 12

50%, and by 1800 it had increased another 100%

Question 13

What is coke, and what does Darby?

Answer 13

A processed form of coal, used to make iron. Darby was the first to use it

Question 14

What was coals two main uses?

Answer 14

For furnaces and iron

Question 15

When was the first steam train invented?

Answer 15

1801

Question 16

When did the steam engine first become mass produced?

Answer 16

1788

Question 17

What were the two main inventions that industrialised the textiles industry?

Answer 17

The power loom and spinning jenny

Question 18

When was the first factory created?

Answer 18

1769

Question 19

Why was child labour used?

Answer 19

They were used for their size and didn’t have to be paid much

Question 20

What is the Declaration of Rights of Man?

Answer 20

It was a system of rights that a white man was entitled to

Question 21

What is imperialism?

Answer 21

A system where the wealthy European powers of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France and Britain established colonies in Asia, Africa and the Pacific

Question 22

Why were there so many crimes committed during the IR?

Answer 22

The hardship of life often meant that people had to steal to luve

Question 23

Where were convicts first transported?

Answer 23

America, then Australia

Question 24

What are free settlers?

Answer 24

People who travelled to new lands looking for better lives, people who voluntarily emigrated

Question 25

What did emigration help with during the IR?

Answer 25

It created less competition and more opportunities for those who stayed

Question 26

What was the triangular trade?

Answer 26

Europeans would buy slaves from America, and sell them as workers at sugar cane, tobacco and cotton plantations, and those materials were then sold to Europeans, and the Europeans then sent goods made from those materials to Africa.

Question 27

What was the enlightenment?

Answer 27

A period where a group of people started asking questions about science, religion, government, society etc, and formed part of the foundation for how modern governments and societies are organised

Question 28

What did people think about liberty during the enlightenment?

Answer 28

That it was linked to happiness