ideology

Question 1

Tsarist Autocracy

Answer 1

• believed in the Tsar’s absolute power
• Tsar had control over government, military, and church –> no limits
• political oppression supressed
• reforms were minimal
• church supported
• became increasingly unpopular (early 1900’s)

Question 2

Liberal Ideas/Reforms

Answer 2

• liberal reforms aimed to limit Tsar’s power
• liberal reforms aimed to establish constitutional monarchy
• advocated for representative government
• supported modernisation + democracy

Question 3

Marxism

Answer 3

• advocated for the overthrow of Tsarist autocracy
• wanted proletariat-leg revolution
• sought a socialist state
• long term goal –> communism

Question 4

Leninism

Answer 4

• supports dictatorship of the proletariat to suppress opposition & transition to socialism
• calls for centralised state control
• rejects gradual reform
• favours direct revolutionary action
• vanguard party

Question 5

Marxism-Leninism

Answer 5

• combines Marxist class struggles with Leninist vanguard party leadership
• capitalism –> socialism (through proletarian dictatorship)
• supports centralised state control
• rejects gradual reform
• wants revolution
• aimed for classless, communist society

Question 6

Communism

Answer 6

• classless, stateless society
• eliminate social & economic inequality
• production based on need rather than profit
• goal > society where wealth and power are equally shared

Question 7

Socialism

Answer 7

• collective or state ownership of the means of production
• reduce economic inequality
• supports planned economy
• aims for classless society –> allows for gradual transition from capitalism

Question 8

Capitalism

Answer 8

• private owndership of the means of production
• encourages limited government intervention