Ideologies Flashcards
Ideology
A system of beliefs that provide the basis for a political policy
Imperialism
The rule of one ethnicity, or ruling over a variety of other ethnicities
(Ex. British Empire, Ottoman Empire)
Fascism
Right wing. Extreme nationalism, authoritarian single ruler, militarism, traditional gender roles, and the idea that citizens should serve their country
Socialism
Left ideology. State ownership of the means of production (like factories) and equality among the people.
Communism
Left ideology. Authoritarian state, “pure” state of socialism, tries to represent the will of the people but might not actually.
(Ex. USSR, PRC, Cuba)
Democratic Socialism
Left ideology. Strives for socialism achieved gradually through fair elections and legislation with the approval of its citizens
(Ex. France, Denmark)
Progressivism
Left ideology. Current social structure is unjust and that society can and should be reformed
Liberalism
Argues that citizens should have lots of political, social, and economic rights. (considered leftist in the US but “liberals” in other countries are what we would consider libertarians)
Libertarianism
A right wing ideology. Argues for lots of political and economic rights and which views economic inequality as normal
Conservatism
A right wing ideology. Argues for continuity of traditional cultural and social structures. May accept gradual changes but doesn’t want to change ‘just because’.
Reactionary
Right wing. Believe that a society’s best days are behind it, that previous changes to cultural norms and social structures were best, and that society should change to go back to those ways.
Anarchism
Leftist. The state is the origin of inequality, leaders inevitably become corrupt, all states must be destroyed either peacefully or violently.
