Identity Inequalities Flashcards
What is national identity?
A persons identity or sense of belonging to one state or one nation.
What does Anderson say about a nation?
Anderson argues that a nation is an ‘imagined community’ - cannot see/ interact with everyone so we communicate in other ways such as the internet.
How does the media promote national identity?
Supporting countries in sporting events- world cups
National disasters
Encouraging nations interests
What does Sardar argue about national identities changing?
There is a ‘global identity crisis’ - old traditions are now meaningless, there’s a struggle to find identity
What does functionalist Durkheim say about national identity?
National identity makes people think they belong to a larger group- most people in the same group share the same norms/values.
What 2 things can make someone’s national identity more significant?
Examples?
Oppression or Conflict
Examples:
Black lives matter movement - equality for both black and white
Jews- nationality is seen as very important due to what jews have gone through (holocaust)
What is an example of an organisation that show negatives of English national identity being strengthened?
English Defence League (EDL)- Far right Islamophobic organisation
How have national identities declined?
- Britain today is multi ethnic
- Big business is now international
- TV, fashion, music etc is dominated by American products
What does Functionalist Parsons argue about gender and identity?
Females have the expressive role, which is naturally given to them - nurturing
Males have the instrumental role, where they are the breadwinner and provide for the family
How is gender seen to be socially constructed?
Patriarchal society reinforces stereotypes on male and female identities - behave and act in certain ways
what is female identity often referred to as?
Submissive/passive
Associated with lack of ambition and confidence
How is female identity seen to be changing?
Women’s role and identity in society is now changing - more rights and opportunities
What does Jackson argue about female identity changing?
Jackson: argues there has been an increase in ‘laddish’ behaviour amongst girls
Girls known as ‘ladetts’ - drinking smoking etc
What does Connell say argue about changing masculine identity?
Hegemonic masculinity = most common
However, new forms are now being introduced
Subordinate masculinity = homosexual males
Marginalised masculinity = unemployed men
What does the term ‘crisis of masculinity’ mean and who came up with it?
Mac an Ghail
Refers to the insecurity felt by WC men as they feel they have lost their identity of being the breadwinner
