Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sociology Paper 1 > Identity Inequalities > Flashcards

Identity Inequalities Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is ethnic identity?

A

The way that different ethnicities see themselves in society.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does Gilroy say about ethnic minority’s experiences in the UK?

A

Black people create a separate identity called the ‘Black Atlantic’ due to them experiencing the same inequalities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Spencer say about ethnic minority’s experiences in the UK?

A

White ethnic minorities feel intimidated by the British and so ‘do not let others inside their circles’.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does Cashmore and Trayna say about ethnic minority’s experiences in the UK?

A

Minorities ‘turn inwards’ to protect each other as racism unifies people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is multiculturalism?

A

Policies being put in place to ensure minorities are not experiencing inequalities at the expense of racism from the majority.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a criticism of multiculturalism?

A

Whites feel pressured to compete for housing and jobs whilst minorities are given an advantage due to the policies that support them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did Modood believe?

A

Second generation immigrants feel more integrated into society as they are socialised with UK culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does functionalist Wilson believe about gender identity?

A

Role allocation is based on biology because women are more weak and caring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does functionalist Parsons believe about gender role allocation?

A

Women have an ‘expressive’ role in family life and men have an ‘instrumental’ role, due to their biology, however it is amplified through socialisation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What evidence is used to criticise the argument that gender roles are biologically determined?

A

Many indigenous tribes having more aggressive and dominant women whilst the men are submissive and caring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did Hey believe?

A

Teenage girls act in a way that they believe is desirable to their male peers, showing the societal demand to be dominated by men.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did Mac and Ghaill believe in regards to masculinity?

A

Boys value the 3 F’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does Jackson say female identity is changing?

A

Some girls are now known as ‘ladettes’, exhibiting typical male mannerisms and activities such as smoking and swearing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does Connell say male identity is changing?

A

Subordinate masculinity = homosexual

Marginalised masculinity = unemployment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is national identity?

A

The identity of a whole country.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Anderson say about national identity?

A

It is an ‘imagined community’ as we will never meet everyone in our nation but are unified through the flag, anthem and sports.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does Kumar believe about national identity?

A

The vagueness of an English identity causes Scots and Welsh to prefer label of individual nation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do postmodernists believe national identity is changing?

A

1) Media educates nations and breaks barriers so that nationality becomes less significant.
2) Secularization has caused a decline in traditions and holidays that would have unified nationalities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does Sardar say about changing national identity?

A

There is currently a ‘global identity crisis’ as nations are merging and blurring lines that make them individual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is cultural homogenization as proposed by Hall?

A

Cultures becoming wholly similar as they merge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is cultural resistance as proposed by Hall?

A

Nations rejecting aspects of other cultures to maintain their original identity e.g. EDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is sexuality?

A

Someone’s sexual orientation that reveals the gender they are sexually attracted to.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What 5 things show the changing attitudes to sexuality?

A

1) Equality Act of 2010
2) Pride
3) Celebrity LGBTQ+
4) Legalisation in UK passed in 2013
5) Black gay USA senator in 2020

24
Q

What does Weeks say about sexual identity?

A

‘Sexual identity is a strange thing’ as peoples orientation doesn’t always correspond with whom they’re in a relationship with.

25
Q

How does Reiss support Weeks?

A

Claims male prostitutes engage sexually with men but are heterosexual.

26
Q

What does Mcintosh say about sexual identity?

A

Gay males adopt traits of attention to appearance, high voice and feminine mannerisms.

27
Q

How does Plummer support Mcintosh?

A

States that gay males seek other homosexuals through these traits to create a community.

28
Q

What does Rich say about oppressing lesbianism?

A

Males oppress women’s sexuality to maintain dominance as patriarchal terrorism is seen in heterosexual relationships.

29
Q

Who are the upper class?

A

Those with inherited wealth and a high culture.

30
Q

What do Mackintosh and Mooney say about the upper class?

A

They have ‘social closure’ as their sports and activities are unavailable to the majority.

31
Q

Who are the middle class?

A

The majority of the population who are financially comfortable and indulge in popular culture.

32
Q

What does Fox say about the middle class?

A

There is an upper, middle and lower middle class.

33
Q

Who are the working class?

A

Those who have traditionally ‘hands on’ jobs of which have shrunk in size since 20th century.

34
Q

What does Swegg say about the working class?

A

That the women struggle from judgement more than the men so ensure they look respectable.

35
Q

Who are the under class?

A

Typically those who are unemployed or of a low paying job as they have the lowest status and wealth.

36
Q

What does Murray say about the under class?

A

They are lazy and reliant.

37
Q

For what 2 reasons is it obvious that class is losing its significance?

A

1) Everyone has individual identities so won’t fit into exact groups.
2) New ‘super rich’ identity has changed the meaning of upper class.

38
Q

What is the social model?

A

Focuses on disability being a social construct due to society having physical elements that benefit the majority of people.

39
Q

What did Shakespeare say about the social model?

A

Shakespeare believed that physical obstacles isolated the less able in society.

40
Q

What is the medical model?

A

Focuses on biological differences of disabled people and how their nature makes then different to the majority.

41
Q

What does Shakespeare say about the medical model?

A

This innate difference creates a ‘victim mentality’.

42
Q

What is master status in regards to disability?

A

A disabled person’s master status allows others to judge them as a separate identity and fulfil their lack of belonging in functional society.

43
Q

What does Zola say about disability?

A

Vocabulary used regarding disabled people is taboo in society so change is not achievable.

44
Q

What is learned helplessness?

A

The idea that disabled people learn they are useless and need others to function in society.

45
Q

What does Murugami say about learned helplessness?

A

Believes disabled people have the ability to construct an identity for themselves where they are able and functional independently.

46
Q

What is childhood?

A

Period of innocence as adults shields us from sexuality, death etc.

47
Q

What does Palmer say about childhood?

A

‘Toxic childhood’ is now present due to social media exposing us to sexuality, death etc.

48
Q

What is youth?

A

Period of growth and rebellion of teenagers and young adults.

49
Q

Wat does Mead say about youth?

A

It is present in some cultures but not all.

50
Q

What does Parsons say about youth?

A

It is crucial for forming functional members of society.

51
Q

What is middle age?

A

Period branded by having stability and responsibility through a job and kids.

52
Q

What does Bradley say about middle age?

A

It has a higher status than other age groups.

53
Q

What is old age?

A

Begins around retirement age where people begin to deteriorate.

54
Q

What does Corner say about old age?

A

Old age is ugly and unappealing.

55
Q

What does Featherstone and Hepworth say about old age ?

A

Retro fashions being brought back connect generations rather than divide.

Sociology Paper 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions