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MCAT Behavioral Sciences > Identity and Personality > Flashcards

Identity and Personality Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Gender Identity

A

person’s appraisal of him or herself on scales of masculinity and femininity

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2
Q

androgyny

A

defined as the state of being simultaneously very masculine and very feminine

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3
Q

undifferentiated

A

state of being very low on both masculinity and femininity scales

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4
Q

theory of gender schema

A

key components of gender identity are transmitted through cultural and societal means

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5
Q

ethnic identity

A

one’s ethnic group, with whom they share a common ancestry, cultural heritage and language

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6
Q

nationality

A

result of shared history, media, cuisine and national symbols

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7
Q

hierarchy of salience

A

let the situation dictate which identity holds the most importance at the moment

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8
Q

self-discrepancy theory

A

each of us has three selves

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9
Q

actual self

A

way we see ourselves as we currently are

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10
Q

ideal self

A

person we would like to be

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11
Q

ought self

A

our representation of how others think we should be

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12
Q

learned helplessness

A

when the situation gets dire to the point where it can not be recovered, the person soon gives up

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13
Q

locus of control

A

refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives

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14
Q
  1. oral stage
A

libidinal energy fixated on mouth; fixation can lead to excessive dependency

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15
Q
  1. anal stage
A

toilet training.; fixation can lead to excessive orderliness or messiness

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16
Q
  1. phallic stage
A

oedipal or electra conflict resolved

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17
Q
  1. latency stage
A

libido is largely sublimated

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18
Q
  1. genital stage
A

begins at puberty; person will enter into healthy heterosexual relationships

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19
Q
  1. trust v mistrust
A

can I trust the world?

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20
Q
  1. autonomy v shame/doubt
A

is it okay to be me?

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21
Q
  1. initiative v guilt
A

is it okay for me to do, move and act?

22
Q
  1. industry v inferiority
A

can I make it in the world of people and things?

23
Q
  1. identity v role confusion
A

who am I? what can I be?

24
Q
  1. intimacy v isolation
A

can I love?

25
Q
  1. generativity v stagnatioon
A

can I make my life count?

26
Q
  1. integrity v despair
A

is it okay to have been me?

27
Q

preconventional morality

A

obedience and self interest

28
Q

conventional morality

A

conformity

law and order

29
Q

post conventional morality

A

social contract and universal human ethics

30
Q

Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development

A

those skills that have not yet fully developed but are in the process

31
Q

theory of mind

A

the ability to sense how another persons mind works

32
Q

looking-glass self

A

reacting to how others are perceiving you by changing your behavior

33
Q

reference group

A

comparing yourself to those you are surrounded by

34
Q

psychoanalytic/psychodyanmic theories of personality

A

assumption of unconscious internal states that motivate overt actions and determine personality

35
Q

Freud psychoanalytic theory

A

ID, ego and superego

36
Q

id

A

consists of all the basic, primal, inborn urges to survive and reproduce

37
Q

pleasure principle

A

aim to achieve immediate gratification

38
Q

primary process

A

id’s response to frustration

39
Q

wish fulfillment

A

mental imagery to fulfill a fantasy

40
Q

ego

A

guides the id

41
Q

reality principle

A

takes into account reality to guide id

42
Q

secondary process

A

postpone pleasure principle until satisfaction can actually be obtained

43
Q

superego

A

judges our actions, failures and accomplishments

44
Q

defense mechanisms

A

repression, suppression, regression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization, displacement and sublimation

45
Q

Carl Jung

A

personal unconscious and collective unconscious

46
Q

Adler’s inferiority complex

A

sense of incompleteness, imperfection and inferiority

47
Q

object relations theory

A

relation to early representation of parents or other caregivers that persist into adulthood and effect interactions with others

48
Q

Gestalt therapy

A

practitioners use a holistic view of self

49
Q

force field theory

A

focuses on present situation

50
Q

type theorists

A

create a taxonomy of personality types

51
Q

trait theorists

A

describer individual personality as the same of a person’s characteristic behaviors

52
Q

Big five model

A

opennness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism

MCAT Behavioral Sciences (6 decks)

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