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PSYCH/SOC (MCAT) > Identity and Individual > Flashcards

Identity and Individual Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 5 big category traits

A 
REMEMBER "OCEAN"
openness
conscientiousness
extroversion
agreeableness
neuroticism
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2
Q

true or false - high neuroticism is associated with decreased risk of mental illness and decreased exercise

A

false - it is associated with increased risk of mental illness and decreased exercise

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3
Q

are dizygotic twins fraternal or identical

A

fraternal

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4
Q

what are the three parts of personality that Sigmund Freud believes in

A

Id, ego and super ego

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5
Q

what part of the personality balances the demands of the other parts

A

ego

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6
Q

what does the social cognitive theory of personality state

A

suggests that personality develops over time

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7
Q

true or false - the humanistic and social cognitive theory of personality are similar

A

true, humanistic theory also states that conscious decisions define personality

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8
Q

self identity can be a function of what three attributes

A

self knowledge, self esteem and social identity

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9
Q

what is the term related to a person’s belief about the degree to which they can control the surrounding events

A

locus of control

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10
Q

when someone believes they have complete control over their own behaviors and outcomes, they have
____ locus of control

A

internal

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11
Q

when someone believes luck and fate control their own behaviors and outcomes, they have ____ locus of control

A

external

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12
Q

when does the preparatory stage start and what is it

A

at infancy and all interaction happens through imitation

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13
Q

which stage does the development of me and I begin

A

game stage

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14
Q

what is the term referring to the balance between the me and the I

A

actual self

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15
Q

what are the five development stages , who developed them and the ages covering the stages

A 
oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital
Freud
oral 0-1 
anal 1-3
phallic 3-6
latent 6-12
genital >12
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16
Q

which development stage does the ego develop

A

oral stage

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17
Q

which development stage does the super ego develope

A

phallic stage

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18
Q

who developed the psychosocial stages

A

Erik Erikson

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19
Q

at what age does the trust vs mistrust crisis occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

1

hope and fear

20
Q

at what age does autonomy vs doubt occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

2

will and shame

21
Q

at what age does initiative vs guilt occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

3-5

purpose and inadequacy

22
Q

at what age does industry vs inferiority occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

6-12

competence and inferiority

23
Q

at what age does identity vs role confusion occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

12-18

fidelity and rebellion

24
Q

at what age does intimacy vs isolation occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

18-40

love and isolation

25
Q

at what age does generativity vs stagnation occur and its positive/negative outcomes

A

40-65

care for others and unproductive

26
Q

at what age does integrity vs despair occur care for others and unproductive

A

> 65

wisdom and dissatisfaction

27
Q

who suggested that psychological development is greatly influenced by social and cultural factors

A

Lev Vygotsky

28
Q

what is the fundamental difference between Vygotsky’s theories and the others

A

Vygotsky’s theory is continuous in which there are no steps or stages rather gradual development

29
Q

what are the three levels of moral development and who discovered the theory

A

Kohlberg
pre-conventional morality - a person is seeking rewards and avoids punishment
conventional morality - avoiding social disapproval and following the rules
postconventional morality - following social contract and system of universal ethics

30
Q

____ attribution assigns the cause of behavior to ____ characteristics of a person

choices = dispositional/situational and internal/external

A

dispositional and internal

31
Q

when we favor dispositional attributions over situational attributions, this tendency is called ….

A

fundamental attribution error

32
Q

name the phenomenon in this example
sonali “i don’t like that you were late today”
monique “weren’t you late last time”
sonali “that was because i had to feed my dog”

A

self serving bias

33
Q

what is the term referring to the tendency to attribute your own actions to external causes but others’ actions to internal causes?

A

actor observer bias

34
Q

what is the name of the disorder that cannot be explained by a medical evaluation

A

conversion disorders

35
Q

true or false - anxiety disorders cause the activation of the SNS

A

true

36
Q

what is the disorder referring to a complex biochemical brain disorder involving a person’s ability to perceive reality

A

schizophrenia

37
Q

what is the difference between hallucinations and delusions

A

hallucinations are sensations that are not real aka sense, sight and touch
delusions are false beliefs that cannot be true

38
Q

what are examples of positive symptoms

A

hallucinations, delusions and disorganized speech

added problems to an individual’s experience

39
Q

true or false - mania is related to am unusually high mood

A

true

40
Q

what is the neurotransmitter linked to depression

A

monoamine neurotransmitter

41
Q

what are some examples of monoamine neurotransmitters

A

serotonin, norepinephrine, noradrenalin and dopamine

42
Q

what is the point of monoamine oxidase inhibitors

A

they are a common treatment for depression. they inhibit the enzymes that break down monoamine neurotransmitters. this allows for more availability to neurons

43
Q

often a monoamine ____ to treat depression, in order to increase the amount of serotonin or norepinephrine in a neuron

agonist
antagonist

A

agonist

44
Q

true or false - increased cortisol and decreased corticotropin-releasing hormone are associated with depression

A

false - both increased cortisol and CRH are linked to depression

45
Q

which part of the body releases CRH and which part releases ACTH

A

hypothalamus … anterior pituitary

46
Q

multiple personality disorder is also known as …

A

dissociative identity disorder

PSYCH/SOC (MCAT) (6 decks)

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