IDENTITY Flashcards

1
Q

Agents of socialisation push people toward ________ identities

A

hegemonic identities

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2
Q

Oakely

A

Manipulation, canalisation, verbal appellation

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3
Q

Evidence of changing gender identities (4)

A

‘ladettes’ (Jackson)
‘new men’
‘crisis in masculinity’
‘mosaic identities’

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4
Q

Mac an Ghaill

A

Crisis in masculinity

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5
Q

Gender identity theorist

A

Oakley

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6
Q

Mackintosh and Mooney

A

Upper class invisibility- social closure

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7
Q

Fox

A

Upper middles, middle middles, lower middles

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8
Q

Hutton

A

Decline in trade union membership and dispersal on working class communities= decline in working class identity

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9
Q

Skeggs

A

Working class women feel looked down on therefore try harder with their looks

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10
Q

Murray

A

The underclass- laziness and fecklessness

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11
Q

Who speaks about social closure/ UC invisibility ?

A

Mackintosh and Mooney

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12
Q

Who speaks about declining working class identities through decline in trade union memberships and communities dispersing?

A

Hutton

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13
Q

Evidence social class identity is not changing

A

Money can still buy opportunities

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14
Q

Evidence social class identity is changing

A

Consumer culture now means we are defined by what we buy

Media gives access to high culture

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15
Q

Barnes

A

Media portrayal of disabled as dependent and weak with no sex life

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16
Q

Zola

A

‘learned helplessness’ (stigma leads to master status)

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17
Q

The Social Model

A

eg the design of buildings (Shakespeare argues this stands in the way of a positive disabled identity)

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18
Q

Shakespeare

A

Building design stands in the way of a positive disabled identity

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19
Q

The Medical Model

A

Defined by disability

Can lead to victim blaming or learned helplessness

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20
Q

Murugami

A

We now have the ability to construct a positive identity

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21
Q

How does the media construct age?

A

Promotes stereotypes and different norms and values expected

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22
Q

Laslett

A

‘The third age’- refers to a more fulfilled generation

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23
Q

‘The Third Age’

A

Laslett, refers to a more fulfilled generation

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24
Q

Who speaks about learned helplessness?

A

Zola

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25
Q

Palmer

A

‘toxic childhood’

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26
Q

Who speaks about toxic childhood?

A

Palmer

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27
Q

Postman

A

Childhood identity is created by how much a parent shields them

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28
Q

Corner

A

Elderly feel like a burden

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29
Q

Fanon

A

‘white mask’ - adoption of hybrid identities can help to fit in at school

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30
Q

How is ethnic identity shaped?

A

Family, education, religion, media

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31
Q

Bradford

A

Found that the majority of children with mixed ethnic identities were born in the UK

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32
Q

Cashmore and Troyna

A

Ethnic minority communities ‘turn inwards’

33
Q

Hall

A

Globalisation is leading to the creation of ‘new ethnicties’

34
Q

Weeks

A

If you are gay, your sexuality identity is a bigger part of you

35
Q

McIntosh

A

Internalisation of label = fulfilment of stereotype

36
Q

Rich

A

Women’s sexuality is oppressed by men- lesbianism threatens male power

37
Q

Declining national identities

A

Becoming difficult to find British culture shared by all

38
Q

Sadar

A

National identities are declining- ‘Englishness’ is based on old traditions

39
Q

Anderson

A

‘imagined community’

40
Q

‘imagined community’

A

Anderson

41
Q

Elderly feel like a burden

A

Corner

42
Q

Media portrayal of disabled people as weak and having no sex life

A

Barnes

43
Q

Spencer

A

Many ethnic minorities are white

44
Q

Winston James

A

racism unifies cultures

45
Q

Jacobson

A

Young Muslims form a strong identity as a response to exclusion

46
Q

Hewitt

A

‘multiculturalism’- white working class communities sees racial inequality as unfair

47
Q

Kumar

A

‘Englishness’ is diluted

48
Q

Wilson

A

Men need to ‘spread the seed’

49
Q

Hey

A

Studied girl friendship groups- found that norms and value are male dominated

50
Q

Mac an Ghaill

A

fighting, football and fucking

51
Q

Feminine identities (4)

A

Housewife/mother, breadwinner, career woman and single mother

52
Q

Denscombe

A

increase in female risk taking behaviour

53
Q

Connell

A

Hegemonic is the most common masculine identity

54
Q

Plummer

A

‘homosexual career’

55
Q

Changing sexuality identity

A

Age of consent, sexuality isnt fixed, Reiss- sexuality is complex

56
Q

Changing ethnicity identity

A

Moodood 2nd gen immigrants- Brasians, cultural hybridity

57
Q

Featherstone and Hepworth

A

Retro fashions coming back

58
Q

‘age is fluid’

A

Featherstone and Hepworth

59
Q

Overall view of Featherstone and Hepworth

A

Age identities are becoming more positive

60
Q

Learned helplessness, victim blaming

A

Zola

61
Q

The label creates the behaviour (effeminate)

A

McIntosh

62
Q

Disabled people get turned down from jobs- 2 in 3 people feel uncomfortable

A

Ridley

63
Q

Building design stands in the way of a positive disabled identity

A

Shakespeare

64
Q

Social and Medical model

A

Shakespeare

65
Q

We now have the ability to construct our own identities, independent of disability

A

Murugami

66
Q

The Homosexual Career

A

Plummer

67
Q

Lesbianism threatens male power- women subjected to ‘compulsory heterosexuality’

A

Rich

68
Q

Study on Native American tribes and their attitudes toward homosexuality

A

Quinn

69
Q

Report done showing the ‘homosexual encounters’ between Americans

A

The Kinsey Reports (1948)

70
Q

Sexuality identity is a bigger part of those who are not heterosexual

A

Weeks

71
Q

Middle aged have the most status and power, but also can have negative associations- ‘mid-life crisis’

A

Bradley

72
Q

Disappearing childhood

A

Postman

73
Q

Elderly feel like a burden

A

Corner

74
Q

The Third Age

A

Laslett

75
Q

Cosmetics give us the opportunity to constantly reinvent ourselves

A

Powell and Biggs

76
Q

Retro fashions coming back in show the decreasing gap between the elderly and the youth

A

Featherstone and Hepworth

77
Q

Youth seen as a period of storm and stress in Western cultures

A

Mead

78
Q

Toxic childhood

A

Palmer

79
Q

Not everyone can afford to rejuvenate themselves with cosmetics

A

Biggs