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CHEMISTRY: IGCSE > Identification of Ions and Gases > Flashcards

Identification of Ions and Gases Flashcards

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1
Q

Flame Test: Lithium

A

Bright Red

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2
Q

Flame Test: Sodium

A

Golden yellow/orange

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3
Q

Flame Test: Potassium

A

Lilac (Light Purple)

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4
Q

Flame Test: Copper

A

Blue-Green

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5
Q

Flame Test: Calcium

A

Orange-Red

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6
Q

Flame Test: Barium

A

Green

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7
Q

Flame Test Procedure

A

In a flame test, a piece of nichrome wire is dipped into concentrated hydrochloric acid (to clean), then into the solid compound, and then into a blue Bunsen flame. The color seen in the flame identifies the metal ion in the compound.

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8
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Aluminium

A

NaOH: White ppt
Excess NaOH: Dissolves
———————————————-
NH4OH: White ppt
Excess NH4OH: Insoluble

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9
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Calcium

A

NaOH: White ppt
Excess NaOH: Insoluble
———————————————-
NH4OH: White ppt
Excess NH4OH: Insoluble

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10
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Chromium (III)

A

NaOH: Green ppt
Excess NaOH: Dissolves
———————————————-
NH4OH: Green ppt
Excess NH4OH: Dissolves

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11
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Copper (II)

A

NaOH: Light Blue ppt
Excess NaOH: Insoluble
———————————————-
NH4OH: Light Blue ppt
Excess NH4OH: Dissolves to form Royal Blue Solution

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12
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Iron (II)

A

NaOH: Green ppt
Excess NaOH: First insoluble, then turns Reddish-Brown
———————————————-
NH4OH: Green ppt
Excess NH4OH: First insoluble, then turns Reddish-Brown

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13
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Iron (III)

A

NaOH: Reddish-Brown ppt
Excess NaOH: Insoluble
———————————————-
NH4OH: Reddish-Brown ppt
Excess NH4OH: Insoluble

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14
Q

Addition of NaOH or NH4OH: Zinc

A

NaOH: White ppt
Excess NaOH: Dissolves
———————————————-
NH4OH: White ppt
Excess NH4OH: Dissolves

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15
Q

Identification of Ammonia Ion

A
  1. Solution dissolved in water
  2. Then treated with NaOH
  3. Heat gently
  4. Damp red litmus paper turns blue
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16
Q

Identification of Carbonates

A
  1. Dilute acid is added to the solid
  2. Gas produced is passed through limewater
  3. If the limewater goes cloudy/milky, the solid is a carbonate.
17
Q

Identifying Anions: Chloride

A
  1. Add Dilute Nitric Acid
  2. Add Silver Nitrate Solution
    Result: White Precipitate
18
Q

Identifying Anions: Bromide

A
  1. Add Dilute Nitric Acid
  2. Add Silver Nitrate Solution
    Result: Cream Precipitate
19
Q

Identifying Anions: Iodide

A
  1. Add Dilute Nitric Acid
  2. Add Silver Nitrate Solution
    Result: Yellow Precipitate
20
Q

Identifying Anions: Sulfate

A
  1. Add Dilute Hydrochloric Acid or Dilute Nitric Acid
  2. Add Barium Chloride or Nitrate Solution
    Result: White Precipitate
21
Q

Identifying Anions: Nitrate

A
  1. Add NaOH solution and warm
  2. Add aluminium foil or powder
  3. Test gas with damp red litmus paper
    Result: Red litmus paper turns blue
22
Q

Identifying Anions: Sulfite

A
  1. Add Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
  2. Warm the mixture
    Result: Filter paper soaked in potassium manganate (VII) turns from purple to colorless.
23
Q

Identification of Gases: Hydrogen

A

Test: Lighted Splint
Result: Pop sound

24
Q

Identification of Gases: Oxygen

A

Test: Glowing Splint
Result: Splint relights

25
Q

Identification of Gases: Carbon Dioxide

A

Test: Limewater
Result: Goes cloudy/milky

26
Q

Identification of Gases: Chlorine

A

Test: Damp Blue Litmus Paper
Result: Paper goes red then white (bleached)

27
Q

Identification of Gases: Ammonia

A

Test: Damp Red Litmus Paper
Result: Turns Blue and a strong smell is produced

28
Q

Identification of Gases: Sulfur Dioxide

A

Test: Filter paper soaked in acidified potassium manganate (VII)
Result: Turns from purple to colorless.

CHEMISTRY: IGCSE (6 decks)

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