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Spring Church History Final > Idenfitications | Movements > Flashcards

Idenfitications | Movements Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Puritanism?

A

1500s-1600s

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2
Q

Who was the major thinker of Puritanism?

A

Jonathan Edwards

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3
Q

What were the main beliefs of Puritans? (6)

A
  • God is transcendent and sovereign
  • Calvinism (TULIP)
  • Inner experience of conversion
  • Authority of the bible
  • Covenant theology / Holy commonwealth
  • God ordained church, state, and family
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4
Q

What were contributing factors to the formation and development of Puritans? (2)

A
  • Wanted to purify church of all papal remnants
  • Wanted to build a Christian nation / establish God’s kingdom
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5
Q

What were the main events of Puritans? (2)

A

1620 | Puritans arrive in USA
1730-1755 | The First Great Awakening

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6
Q

Enlightenment: when?

A

1600s-1700s

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7
Q

Enlightenment: major thinkers? (5)

A

John Locke
Charles Chauncy
David Hume
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson

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8
Q

Enlightenment: beliefs? (4)

A
  • Positive view of human potential
  • Truth revealed through reason, not scripture
  • Retirement of God
  • Simplicity of faith (good morals)
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9
Q

Enlightenment: contributing factors? (5)

A
  • Scientific revolution
  • Charles Darwin
  • Philosophy (rationalism)
  • American revolution (what can’t humans accomplish?)
  • Capitalism (individualism and industry)
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10
Q

Modernism / Liberalism: when?

A

late 1800s - early 1900s

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11
Q

Modernism / Liberalism: Major thinkers? (3)

A

Schleiermacher
Rauschenbusch
Kant

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12
Q

Modernism / Liberalism: Beliefs? (10)

A
  • Adapt Christianity for its survival amidst changing world
  • imminence of God in nature and history
  • Optimistic view of humanity and history (progress)
  • evolve out of sin, humanity basically good
  • Importance of religious experience (doctrine and dogma not as important)
  • Bible, not authoritative, a record of religious experience
  • centrality of ethics
  • concern for this world, molding Christian character
  • faith of Jesus, not faith about Jesus
  • no supernatural stuff
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13
Q

Modernism / Liberalism: Contributing factors? (6)

A
  • Biblical criticism
  • Darwin and social science
  • Urbanization (anonymous lives)
  • industrialization (great disparity between rich and poor)
  • Secularism
  • Philosophy
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14
Q

Modernism / Liberalism: Change over time?

A

Early liberals - personal ethics
later liberals - social gospel

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15
Q

Evangelicalism: When?

A

1800s

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16
Q

Evangelicalism: Major thinkers? (3)

A

Nathaniel Taylor
Charles Finney
Lyman Beecher

17
Q

Evangelicalism: beliefs? (5)

A
  • social reform (slavery, temperance, women’s rights)
  • Revivalism
  • human freedom amidst sin, power not to sin
  • more concerned with conversion than theology
  • sanctification possible in this life
18
Q

Evangelicalism: contributing factors? (4)

A
  • Urbanization
  • Democratic ideals (personal liberty and individualism)
  • social reform
  • missionary activity
19
Q

Evangelicalism: major event?

A

1790-1840 | The Second Great Awakening

20
Q

Fundamentalism: When?

A

1920s

21
Q

Fundamentalism: Major thinkers? (2)

A

J Gresham Machen
William Jennings Bryan

22
Q

Fundamentalism: beliefs? (5)

A
  • inerrancy of scripture
  • virgin birth
  • substitutionary atonement
  • miracle working power
  • bodily resurrection of Christ
23
Q

Fundamentalism: contributing factors? (3)

A
  • War gave rise to cynicism
  • growing power and influence of liberals in the church
  • Northern church had enough liberals to make a difference (as opposed to the southern church)
24
Q

Fundamentalism: Major events? (3)

A
  • scopes trial 1925
  • WW1
  • Northern Presbyterian disavowed the fundamentals for ordination (fundamentalists lost battle)
25
Q

Neo-Orthodox: When?

A

1930s-1960s

26
Q

Neo-Orthodox: Major thinkers? (3)

A

Karl Barth
Reinhold Niebuhr
H. Richard Niebuhr

27
Q

Neo-Orthodox: Beliefs? (6)

A
  • scripture as place of God’s revelation - renewed commitment to Romans and Paul
  • Church led by scripture, not by culture
  • transcendence and sovereignty of God
  • against liberal view of humanity
  • faith as reliance on God
  • re-emphasizing ecclesiology and dogmatics
28
Q

Neo-Orthodox: Contributing factors? (5)

A
  • Horrors of war
  • stock market crash
  • ensuing depression
  • rise of authoritarianism in Europe
  • liberal human progress no longer viable
29
Q

Neo-Orthodox: Major events? (2)

A
  • WW1
  • stock market crash and depression
30
Q

Liberation Theology: When?

A

1960s - 1970s

31
Q

Liberation Theology: Major thinkers? (3)

A

James Cone
Mary Daly
Gustavo Gutierrez

32
Q

Liberation Theology: Beliefs? (3)

A
  • reflection on God must be linked with action in the world
  • biblical stories of liberation as hermeneutical lens
  • sin in systems and societal structures

Spring Church History Final (2 decks)

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