Idenfitications | Movements Flashcards
When was Puritanism?
1500s-1600s
Who was the major thinker of Puritanism?
Jonathan Edwards
What were the main beliefs of Puritans? (6)
- God is transcendent and sovereign
- Calvinism (TULIP)
- Inner experience of conversion
- Authority of the bible
- Covenant theology / Holy commonwealth
- God ordained church, state, and family
What were contributing factors to the formation and development of Puritans? (2)
- Wanted to purify church of all papal remnants
- Wanted to build a Christian nation / establish God’s kingdom
What were the main events of Puritans? (2)
1620 | Puritans arrive in USA
1730-1755 | The First Great Awakening
Enlightenment: when?
1600s-1700s
Enlightenment: major thinkers? (5)
John Locke
Charles Chauncy
David Hume
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
Enlightenment: beliefs? (4)
- Positive view of human potential
- Truth revealed through reason, not scripture
- Retirement of God
- Simplicity of faith (good morals)
Enlightenment: contributing factors? (5)
- Scientific revolution
- Charles Darwin
- Philosophy (rationalism)
- American revolution (what can’t humans accomplish?)
- Capitalism (individualism and industry)
Modernism / Liberalism: when?
late 1800s - early 1900s
Modernism / Liberalism: Major thinkers? (3)
Schleiermacher
Rauschenbusch
Kant
Modernism / Liberalism: Beliefs? (10)
- Adapt Christianity for its survival amidst changing world
- imminence of God in nature and history
- Optimistic view of humanity and history (progress)
- evolve out of sin, humanity basically good
- Importance of religious experience (doctrine and dogma not as important)
- Bible, not authoritative, a record of religious experience
- centrality of ethics
- concern for this world, molding Christian character
- faith of Jesus, not faith about Jesus
- no supernatural stuff
Modernism / Liberalism: Contributing factors? (6)
- Biblical criticism
- Darwin and social science
- Urbanization (anonymous lives)
- industrialization (great disparity between rich and poor)
- Secularism
- Philosophy
Modernism / Liberalism: Change over time?
Early liberals - personal ethics
later liberals - social gospel
Evangelicalism: When?
1800s
Evangelicalism: Major thinkers? (3)
Nathaniel Taylor
Charles Finney
Lyman Beecher
Evangelicalism: beliefs? (5)
- social reform (slavery, temperance, women’s rights)
- Revivalism
- human freedom amidst sin, power not to sin
- more concerned with conversion than theology
- sanctification possible in this life
Evangelicalism: contributing factors? (4)
- Urbanization
- Democratic ideals (personal liberty and individualism)
- social reform
- missionary activity
Evangelicalism: major event?
1790-1840 | The Second Great Awakening
Fundamentalism: When?
1920s
Fundamentalism: Major thinkers? (2)
J Gresham Machen
William Jennings Bryan
Fundamentalism: beliefs? (5)
- inerrancy of scripture
- virgin birth
- substitutionary atonement
- miracle working power
- bodily resurrection of Christ
Fundamentalism: contributing factors? (3)
- War gave rise to cynicism
- growing power and influence of liberals in the church
- Northern church had enough liberals to make a difference (as opposed to the southern church)
Fundamentalism: Major events? (3)
- scopes trial 1925
- WW1
- Northern Presbyterian disavowed the fundamentals for ordination (fundamentalists lost battle)
