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My Pulmonary Boards > ID > Flashcards

ID Flashcards

1
Q

What abx leads to increased mortality in VAP?

A

Tigecycline

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2
Q

What antifungal for aspergillus liver enzymes elevated on Voriconazole?

A

Isavuconazole if mild elevation

Amphotericin B if severe liver failure or worsening hepatitis (3-4x normal LFTs)

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3
Q

Coccidioidomycosis radiographic findings

A

Solitary nodules 10-20 mm in diameter in the periphery of the lungs
Can have thin walled cavities

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4
Q

Nocardia gram stain

A

Gram positive beaded organisms with a branching morphology

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5
Q

Nocardia infects which parts of the body

A

Lungs, skin (draining pustules), brain (abscesses)

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6
Q

Nocardia treatment

A

Bactrim, Amikacin, Linezolid, Imipenem, Ertapenem

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7
Q

First month post transplant infections

A 
MDR MRSA
Pseud
Candida
Gram negative organisms
Viruses passed from donor or recipient
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8
Q

1-6 month post transplant infections

A

Depends on prophylactic meds
Opportunistic infections

Crypto
Hep C
Respiratory viruses
Mycobacterium

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9
Q

6-12 month post transplant infections

A

Community based organisms

BK Virus

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10
Q

When to start ART in TB with CD4 <50

A

ART within 2 weeks

Prednisone within 4 weeks

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11
Q

When to start ART in TB with CD4 >50

A

ART within 8-12 weeks

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12
Q

When to start ART in TB meningitis

A

No matter the CD4 not until at least >8 weeks

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13
Q

Treatment of MAC

A

Clarithromycin
Ethambutol
+/- Rifamycin

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14
Q

Treatment of Tularemia

A

Severe - Gentamicin, Streptomycin

Mild - Doxycycline, Ciprofloxacin

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15
Q

What antibiotics for K pneumonia carbapanemase resistant strain?

A

Tigecycline
Colistin
Ceftazidime-Avibactam

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16
Q

Normal CSF glucose

A

50-80

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17
Q

Normal CSF protein

A

15-45

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18
Q

Sensitivity and specificity of Legionella urine antigen

A

80 and 100% respectively for the serougroup 1 (80% of the ones found)

19
Q

Treatment of anthrax meningitis

A

Cipro
Merrem
Linezolid

20
Q

Clostridium botulinum presentation

A

Descending paralysis, wound infection

21
Q

Echinocandin MOA

A

Noncompetitive inhibitors of the synthesis of 1,3-B-d-glucan which is an integral component of the fungal cell wall

22
Q

Babesiosis lab findings

A

Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Elevated aminotransferases
Oval or pear shaped trophozoites with a a blue cytoplasm and red chromatin dots

23
Q

Babesiosis epidemiology

A

Blood transfusion within 6 months

Northeast and upper Midwest US

24
Q

Babesiosis treatment

A

Atovaquone and Azithromycin x 7-10d

25
Q

Tularemia gram stain

A

Gram - coccobacillus

26
Q

Sites of Tularemia infection

A

skin (ulcer)

pneumonia (biowarfare)

27
Q

Severe C dif

A

WBC >15,000
Albumin <3.0
And/or
Creatinine >1.5

28
Q

Baloxavir marboxil use

A

Anti-influenza medication

29
Q

Baloxavir vs oseltamivir

A

Provides a greater reduction in viral load by 1 day after treatment but not in symptom alleviation

30
Q

Baloxavir MOA

A

Prodrug, selectively inhibits cap-dependent endonuclease enzyme

31
Q

Oseltamivir MOA

A

Inhibits the neuraminidase enzyme

32
Q

Blastomycosis clinical pic

A 
Acute or chronic PNA
Extrapulmonary disease:
Skin 20%
Bone 5%
CNS 2%
33
Q

Blastomycosis incubation period

A

4-8 weeks

34
Q

Blastomycosis endemic to

A

Mississippi

35
Q

Histoplasmosis endemic to

A

Arkansas

36
Q

Coccidioidomycosis under microscope

A

Very large spherules

37
Q

Histoplasmosis under microscope

A

Small and round organisms, significantly smaller than the surrounding cells

38
Q

How to treat carbapenemase-producing organisms

A

Ceftazidime-Avibactam
Meropenem-Vaborbactam
Colistin

39
Q

Virus most likely to cause AE-COPD

A
  1. Rhinovirus

2. Influenza A

40
Q

How to differentiate Nocardia from Actinomyces

A

On modified acid fast stain, Nocardia stains positive

Nocardia aerobic, actinomyces anaerobic

41
Q

Chest wall infection not uncommon

A

Actinymycosis

42
Q

Infections that cavitate

A

Actinomyces
Nocardia
TB

43
Q

CF with pseudomonas treatment

A

Inhaled tobramycin or aztreonam

My Pulmonary Boards (6 decks)

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