ICU

Question 1

Coagulate

Answer 1

Clotting of blood/to go from a liquid to solid or semisolid condition.

Question 2

Anti coagulate

Answer 2

Drugs such as cumadin or warfarin that thin the blood.

Question 3

A line

Answer 3

A catheter inserted into an artery, and used to electronically monitor blood pressure

Question 4

What procedures/hardware are used on a comminuted fracture?

Answer 4

Balanced suspension traction and external fixation

Question 5

Dialysis

Answer 5

A mechanical means of filtering the fluid in the kidneys to remove impurities, excess potassium, and excess fluid. Often used for patients with renal dysfunction.

Question 6

Fistula

Answer 6

An abnormal tubelike passage in the body tissue, it can go from organ to organ, organ to skin surface, or between vessels.

Question 7

Ecg/Ekg

Answer 7

Electrocardiogram A graphical record of the hearts activity

Question 8

Endotrachial tube (ETT)

Answer 8

A tube inserted through the trachia with a baloon on the end which is inflated to keep it in place. The tube is then used to help the patient to breathe.

Question 9

Fowler’s position

Answer 9

Lying supine with knees and hips flexed.

Question 10

Hyperventilation

Answer 10

Abnormally prolonged deep breathing

Question 11

Hypoxemia

Answer 11

Deficient oxygenation of the blood

Question 12

infusion

Answer 12

Introduction of fluid other than blood into a vein

Question 13

INR

Answer 13

international normalized ratio
pt INR
normal 1:1 MD usually wants 1:2.5 for therapy.
If it is too high the pt can have a GI bleed.
Vit k is used to counteract a high pt INR

Question 14

Mediastinum

Answer 14

The mass of tissues and organs separating the organs in front from the VC in back of the chest. It contains the heart, lungs, large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, etc

Question 15

MRI

Answer 15

Magnetic resonance immaging: Uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create a detailed immage of the organs and tissues within the body.

Question 16

NG tube

Answer 16

A tube that is introduced through the nose and goes to the stomach. Used for the purpose of feeding, removing fluid or gas, or to administer medication.

Question 17

Oximeter

Answer 17

measures oxygen saturation of the blood

Question 18

Patent

Answer 18

Open, unobstructed, or not closed

Question 19

Neumothorax

Answer 19

A drainage system inserted into the anteriolateral chest wall

Question 20

Atelectasis

Answer 20

A collection of air or gasses in the space of the lungs, it separates the lung from the chest wall. May interfere with normal breathing. (Maybe a deficiency of surficant in the lung)

Question 21

Ventilator/respirator

Answer 21

A mechanical apparatus that can intermitantly or constantly assist or control ventilation

Question 22

Shunt

Answer 22

A passage or anastamosis between two vessels. (fistula is a type of shunt)

Question 23

Stoma

Answer 23

An opening that connects an organ to the oustide of the body, often surgically created for the colon. (colostomy) used to eliminate feces.

Question 24

Schwann’s-Gann catheter

Answer 24

Measures pulmonary artery pressure to evaluate cardiac function. Entered through the bassilic or subclavian vein and travels to the pulmonary artery.

Question 25

Trendellenburg position

Answer 25

Head is lowered below the heart and feet above. Used for people who have fainted, are in shock, or who have low BP.

Question 26

What are some things to do if you work in the ICU?

Answer 26

``` Read Hx, order check sedation level/alertness cognition willingness to participate blood values activity level proximal mm str activity tolerance interference with other Tx/therapies. every time (even in the same day) ```

Question 27

Tx sessions usually include

Answer 27

PROM, prevention of decubes (bed mobility possitioning), propping.

Question 28

Progression of Tx in the special care unit

Answer 28

1 Use passive/active exercise, positioning, and body alignment reverse or minimize the adverse effects of immobility 2 #1 prevents potential for development of Fx, decubes, 3 Bed mobility training as a precursor to tfer 4 Tfer precursor to ambulation 5 Ambulation precursor to functional activities 6 Pt may need to be taught breathing techniques for therapy, or coughing/huffing techniques for those with thoracic or abdominal surgery 7 Techniques/modalities for pain management

Question 29

Flow sheet

Answer 29

1 Cardiovascular reserve 208-0.7(age)= Max ht rate. If ht rate exceeds defer Tx 2 BP less than 20% of normal 3 Normal EKG (some abnormal may be ok) 4 Respiratory reserve o2 saturation 90%, pulmonary pressure, breathing patterns normal, or mechanical ventilation. 5 Hgb 7 gm/dl, platelet 20 cells/mm3, wbc 4.3-10.8 cells/mm3 6 Blood glucose lvl 3.5-20 mmol/L 7 appearance SOB emotional status 8 Body temp <38 c 98.6 f 9 0 neuro cond 10 no ortho contraindications 11 No recent SSG/flap to lower limbs or trunk 12 0 DVT or PE issues 13 wt can be managed safely 14 No attachments that contra mobilisation 15 Safe environment 16 App staff and expertise 17 consent

Question 30

Internal/external fixation

Answer 30

Internal: Plates, pins, nails etc used to fixate bone, closed with stitches/staples 0 amb at first. External: Fixated c an outer brace (may have weights) screws going into the bone from the brace. Able to ambulate early.

Question 31

Cardio reserve

Answer 31

Cardiovascular reserve 220-age-resting= Max ht rate. If ht rate exceeds defer Tx

Question 32

BP fluctuation that is safe?

Answer 32

BP less than 20% of normal

Question 33

Pulmonary reserve?

Answer 33

Respiratory reserve o2 saturation 90%, pulmonary pressure, breathing patterns normal, or mechanical ventilation.

Question 34

Blood lab values

Answer 34

Hgb 7 gm/dl, platelet 20 cells/mm3, wbc 4.3-10.8 cells/mm3