ICTM

Question 1

Designed to assist in the management and planning of health programs, as opposed to delivery of care.

Answer 1

Health Management Information System (HMIS)

Question 2

were managed manually, traditionally starting from
then patient registration to consultation.

Answer 2

Healthcare administrations

Question 3

To address the aforementioned issues, using a ________ should be taken into account.

Answer 3

Health Management Information System (HMIS)

Question 4

to provide quality information to support decision-making at all levels of the health care system in any medical institution.

Answer 4

major role of HMIS

Question 5

It should provide information on all key aspects of the health system without duplication

Answer 5

Complete

Question 6

If similar information is provided by different sources, their definitions need to be consistent.

Answer 6

Consistent

Question 7

It should be very clear what all the elements are actually measuring

Answer 7

Clear

Question 8

It should not be unnecessarily complicated

Answer 8

Simple

Question 9

The actual usage of each element should justify the costs of its collection and analysis

Answer 9

Cost Effective

Question 10

Data should be held in a form readily accessible to all legitimate users, and it should be clear who these people are.

Answer 10

Accessible

Question 11

It should ensure that people without legitimate access are effectively denied

Answer 11

Confidential

Question 12

includes data acquisition and data verification.

Answer 12

Data Input

Question 13

also called processing phase includes data storage, data classification, data update, and data computation.

Answer 13

Data Management

Question 14

includes data retrieval and data presentation.

Answer 14

Data Output

Question 15

This involves both the generation and the collection of accurate, timely, and relevant data.

Answer 15

Data Acquisition

Question 16

involves the authentication and validation of gathered
data.

Answer 16

Data Verification

Question 17

The preservation and archival of data may be regarded as part of the ____

Answer 17

Data Storage

Question 18

This is also known as Data Organization. It is a critical function for increasing the efficiency of the system when the need arises to conduct a data search.

Answer 18

Data Classification

Question 19

involves various forms of data manipulation and data
transformation, such as the use of mathematical models, statistical and probabilistic approaches, linear and nonlinear transformation, and other data analytic processes. It allows further data analysis, synthesis, and
evaluation so that data can be used for strategic decision-making purposes other than tactical and/or operational use.

Answer 19

Data Computation

Question 20

New and changing information is accounted for through the element of _____

Answer 20

Data Update

Question 21

is concerned with the processes of data transfer and data
distribution.

Answer 21

Data Retrieval

Question 22

has to do with how users interpret the information
produced by the system. In situations where only operational or even tactical managerial decision making is expected, summary tables and
statistical reports may suffice.

Answer 22

Data Presentation

Question 23

defines the various components of the routine health
information system and their linkages to produce better quality data and continuous use of information, leading to better health system performance and, consequently, better health outcomes.

Answer 23

PRISM

Question 24

Meaning of PRISM

Answer 24

Performance of Routine Information System Management

Question 25

knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, and motivation of the people who collect and use data.

Answer 25

Behavioral determinants

Question 26

data collection processes, systems, forms, and methods.

Answer 26

Technical determinants

Question 27

Information culture, structure, resources, roles, and responsibilities of the health system and key contributors at each level.

Answer 27

Organizational/environmental determinants

Question 28

This framework identifies the strengths and weaknesses in certain areas, as well as correlations among areas.

Answer 28

PRISM Conceptual Framework

Question 29

is the systematic collection, analysis and use of information from programs for three basic purposes:(1) Learning from the experiences acquired (learning function); (2) Accounting internally and externally for the resources used; and (3) the results obtained (monitoring function) and taking decisions (steering function).

Answer 29

Monitoring

Question 30

is assessing an ongoing or completed program or policy as systematically and as objectively as possible. The object is to be able to make statements about their relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability.

Answer 30

Evaluation

Question 31

Evaluation has both a learning function

Answer 31

- the lessons learned need to be incorporated into future proposals or policy - a monitoring function

Question 32

The primary aim is to have a strong M&E and review system in place for the national health strategic plan that comprises all major disease programs and health systems.

Answer 32

M&E Purpose

Question 33

provide new opportunities to align all partners around these principles

Answer 33

Joint Assessment of National Health Strategies (JANS) and health systems funding platform

Question 34

is a core component of current efforts to scale up for better health.

Answer 34

Monitoring and evaluation (M&E)

Question 35

can be defined as a variable whose value changes. It is a measurement that measures the value of the change in meaningful units that can be compared to past and future units. It focuses on a single aspect of a program or project – i.e., an input, output or the overarching objective.

Answer 35

indicator

Question 36

What are the HMIS indicators which can be used for monitoring of key aspects of the health system performance?

Answer 36

Reproductive health, Immunization, Disease prevention and control, Resources utilization and Data Quality

Question 37

* 1st antenatal care attendances * 4 th antenatal care attendances * Cases of abnormal pregnancies attended at out-patient departments (OPD) of health facilities * Institutional cases of maternal morbidity and mortality due to Antepartum hemorrhage (APH), hypertension and edema reported by In-patient departments (IPD) of health facilities * Cases of abortion attended at health facilities * Cases of medical (safe) abortions conducted at health facilities

Answer 37

pregnancy care interventions

Question 38

* Deliveries by skilled attendance (at health facilities) * Deliveries by Health Extension Workers (HEW) (at home of Health Posts) * Institutional cases of maternal morbidity and mortality due to Obstructed labor

Answer 38

intrapartum care

Question 39

* 1st postnatal care attendance * Institutional cases of maternal morbidity and mortality due to Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and Puerperal sepsis

Answer 39

post-partum care

Question 40

* Family planning method acceptors (New and Repeat) * Family planning methods issued by type of method

Answer 40

inter-partum (between pregnancies) period

Question 41

* TB patients on DOTS * Number of new smear pulmonary TB cases enrolled in the cohort * TB Case Detection * Number of New smear positive pulmonary TB cases detected * Number of new smear negative pulmonary TB cases detected * Number of new extra pulmonary TB cases detected * HIV – TB – Co-infection * Proportion of newly diagnosed TB cases tested to HIV * HIV+ new TB patients enrolled in DOTS * TB Treatment outcome * Treatment completed PTB+ * Cured PTB+, Defaulted PTB+, Deaths PTB+

Answer 41

HMIS Indicators to Monitor STOP TB Program

Question 42

is the overall utility of a dataset(s) as a function of its ability to be processed easily and analyzed for a database, data warehouse, or data analytics system.

Answer 42

Data quality

Question 43

These are the aspects of Data Quality except: - Accuracy - Completeness - Update status - Relevance - Consistency - Reliability - Confidentiality - Appropriate Presentation - Accesibility

Answer 43

Confidentiality

Question 44

is a tool that allows the use of small random samples to distinguish between different groups of data elements (or Lots) with high and low data quality.

Answer 44

Lot Quality Assessment (LQAS)

Question 45

is a simplified version of the Data Quality Audit (DQA) which allows programs and projects to verify and assess the quality of their reported data. It also aims to strengthen their data management and reporting systems.

Answer 45

Routine Data Quality Assessment Tool (RDQA)

Question 46

is a project management tool that shows how a project will evolve at a high level.

Answer 46

Implementation Plan

Question 47

analyzes information and identifies incomplete or incorrect data.

Answer 47

Data quality tool

Question 48

is a class of problem solving methods aimed at identifying the root causes of the problems or events instead of simply addressing the obvious symptoms.

Answer 48

Root Cause Analysis

Question 49

can be quite useful for getting to the underlying causes of a problem. By identifying the problem, and then asking "why" five times - getting progressively deeper into the problem, the root cause can be strategically identified and tackled.

Answer 49

Ask Why 5 Times

Question 50

is a technique which is aimed to find various modes for failure within a system.

Answer 50

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Question 51

operates using Pareto principle (20% of the work creates 80% of the results.

Answer 51

Pareto analysis

Question 52

uses boolean logic to determine the root causes of an undesirable event. This technique is usually used in risk analysis and safety analysis.

Answer 52

Fault Tree Analysis

Question 53

analyzes a system at once. It would be used when many problems exist and you want to get to the root causes of all the problems.

Answer 53

Current Reality Tree (CRT)

Question 54

A _______ diagram will group causes into categories including: * People * Measurements * Methods * Materials * Environment * Machines

Answer 54

Fishbone or Ishikawa or Cause-and-Effect Diagrams

Question 55

also known as rational process is intended to break a problem down to its root cause. This process begins with an appraisal of the situation - what are the priorities and orders for concerns for specific issues? Next, the problem analysis is undertaken to get to the cause of undesired events. Then, a decision analysis is tackled, outlining various decisions that must be made. Finally, a potential problem analysis is made to ensure that the actions decided upon in step three are sustainable.

Answer 55

Kepner-Tregoe Technique

Question 56

it deals with diagnosing the causes of recurrent problems.

Answer 56

RPR (Rapid Problem Resolution) Problem Diagnosis

Question 57

team members gather data and analyze their findings

Answer 57

Discover

Question 58

a diagnostic plan is created and the root cause is identified through careful analysis of the diagnostic data

Answer 58

Investigate

Question 59

the problem is fixed and monitored to ensure that the proper root cause was identified.

Answer 59

Fix