ICT II Main Topics Flashcards
Aspects of ICT and Business Value
Improving Communication.
Accurate Records.
Marketing.
Production.
Stock Control.
ICT and Business Value - Improving Communication.
Communication is improved through the use of Mobile Phones, Email, Internet & Intranet.
ICT and Business Value - Accurate Records.
Software programs can improve workplace efficiency.
ICT and Business Value - Marketing.
Sufficient and Quick Market Research.
Collection of Information about Competitors.
Reduced Delivery Times.
Internet Promotion.
ICT and Business Value - Production.
Production can be improved through the use of CAD/CAM and CIM Systems.
ICT and Business Value - Stock Control.
Electronic Point of Sale (EPOS).
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).
Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale (EFTPOS).
Networks Used in the Business Environment
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network).
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).
ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
Business Intelligence
Data and Software tools for organizing. analyzing and providing access to data to help managers and other enterprise users make more informed decisions.
The Business Intelligence Process
Data Sources (DBA).
Data Warehouses.
Data Exploration.
Data Mining (Data Analyst).
Data Presentation (Business Analyst).
Making Decisions (End User).
Data-Information-Knowledge Cycle.
USER - applies intelligence to - DATA.
To produce - INFORMATION.
That is the basis of - KNOWLEDGE.
Used in - DECISION MAKING.
That triggers - ACTIONS.
Which generate more - DATA.
Data Management Process
Discover.
Design.
Enable.
Maintain.
Archive.
Data Warehouse
A subject oriented, integrated, time-variant and non volatile collection of data in support of managements decision making process.
Data Warehouse Design
Requirement Gathering.
Physical Environment Setup.
Data Modelling.
Extraction, Transformation, Loading (ELT).
OLAP Cube Design. Front-end Development.
Report Development.
Performance Tuning.
Quality Assurance.
Roll-out to Production.
Production Maintenance.
Incremental Enhancements.
Data Modelling
Conceptual.
Logical.
Physical.
Data Mining - Types of Relationships
Classes.
Clusters.
Associations.
Sequential Patterns.
Types of Relationships - Classes
Data is located using predetermined groups.
Types of Relationships - Clusters
Data is grouped together using logical relationships or preferences like market segments or client affinities.
Types of Relationships - Associations
Data is grouped according to association.
Types of Relationships - Sequential Patterns
Data is mined through the anticipation of patterns and trends.
Elements of Data Mining
Extract, Transform and Load data onto data warehouse system.
Store and Manage data in database system.
Provide access to business analysts.
Analyse data using appropriate software.
Present data in a usable format.
ICT Information Systems
Executive Support Systems (ESS).
Management Information Systems (MIS).
Decision Support Systems (DSS).
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS).
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS).
Office Administration Systems.
Key Components of Business Process Modelling
Hierarchy of the processes and activities.
Text describing the processes and activities.
Flow diagrams and work processes of the organisation.
The inputs of each unit.
The outputs of each unit.
The KPI’s of the units.
Principles of Business Process Re-Engineering
Organise re-engineering process based on outcomes not tasks.
Identify all business processes and prioritize according to core functions.
Integrate information and data management with the real work that produces information.
Treat all resources equally.
Link parallel activities in the workflow of employees.
Identify the decision point and build control into the process.
Capture all the information generated in the analysis.
Benefits of ERP
Allows managers to balance supply and demand.
Links customers and supply into a supply chain.
Employs business processes for decision making.
Ensures cross-functional integration.
Phases of Developing ICT Strategy
1: Conducting an organisation needs analysis.
2: Identifying the people involved.
3: Information and Knowledge management.
4: Applications and software.
5: Communications and connectivity.
6: Technology requirements.
7: ICT Support.
8: The service mix.
9: Governance.
10: Money and return on investment.
11: Change Management.
Enterprise Systems & Operational Excellence
Based on a suite of integrated software modules.
Common central database. (Centralizes Data)
Supports all of the organisations internal functions.
Uniform standards and business process.
Supply Chain Management Systems
Automates the flow of information among members of the supply chain.
Improves decision making.
Creates cost savings.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems
Integrates and Automates the customer facing services.
Improves service.
Used to sell new products and services.
Challenges of Enterprise Applications
Requires extensive organisational change.
Large new software investments.
Careful assessment of how performance will be enhanced.
Enterprise Applications in Cross-Functional Services
Service Platforms - Integrate data from various enterprise applications.
Web Services - Tie various systems together.
Enterprise Portals - Integrate disparate applications and provide information from a single source.
Data Managment
The administrative process by which data is acquired, validated, stored, protected and processed and which its accessibility, reliability and timeliness is ensured.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Focuses on satisfying customers needs through the development of close personal relationships, interactions and social exchanges between business and customer.
