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MLSCI 466 Final > ICPMS Trace elements and cannibis > Flashcards

ICPMS Trace elements and cannibis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the proccess of ICP-MS

A
  1. Sample introduction
  2. ICP torch and RF coil
  3. Interface
  4. Vacuum
  5. Universal Cell
  6. Mass spec
  7. Detector
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2
Q

What happens in sample introduction

A

nebulizer and spray chamber - only small droplets enter torch

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3
Q

what happens in the ICP torch and RF coil

A

argon plasma turns liquid into dried solid, then heated to gas - releasing one electron

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4
Q

What are interferences that can happen in the universal cell

A

ions generated from the plasma or sample carry the same m:c as the analyte ion

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5
Q

what are ways we fix interferences in the universal cell

A

chloride correction (math) or collision/reaction cell

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6
Q

what are the 3 modes in the universal cell

A

Standard, collision, reaction cells

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7
Q

what does a collision cell aka Kinetic Energy Discrimination do

A

removal based on size using inert gas

cons; background decreases BUT analyte signal decreases too

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8
Q

what does a reaction cell do

A

removal based on chemical reactions using reactive gas

interferent -exothermic rxn

analyte - endothermic rxn

(better than collision cell bc background decreases and anaylte presernved)

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9
Q

what is the pathway of atomic absorption

A

light -> chopper -> cuvette/sample -> Detector

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10
Q

another name for the light source in atomic absorption

A

HOLLOW CATHODE LAMP
- specific for each element being tested
-filled w argon or neon
-quartz glass

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11
Q

what is the principle of the light source

A

Current applied to cathode will cause ionization = causes sputtering (release metal atoms)

sputtering increases atomic vapor -> collision with inert gas = excitation of atoms = radiant energy and return ground state

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12
Q

what is the principle of sample introduction in atomic

A

nebulization -> evaporation -> atomization

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13
Q

what is atomization

A

element attracts e- and produces ground state metal atom

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14
Q

what is emission interference and how to counter it

A

Light emitted from light source will reach detector - use a chopper bt the lamp and flame

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15
Q

what does the chopper do

A

pulse beam of incident light to distunguish background and true analyte

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16
Q

what are the two flameless atomic absorption methods

A

cold vapor and
graphite furnace

both converted into atomic vapor by atomization

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17
Q

princple of cold vapor generation assembly

A

limited to mercury analysis at RT
uses digestion with acids and sodium borohydride then
quartz window in optical beam

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18
Q

princple of graphite furnace

A

sample placed on solid support;partition tube
electrical resistance to dry, charr, and atomize

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19
Q

temperatures of graphite furnace stages

A

dry = 100-120
ashing = 400-800
atomization = 2600

20
Q

purpose of photomultiplier tubes

A

detector to measure intensity of signal from monochromator

21
Q

principle of PMT tubes

A

crescent shapred dynodes create secondary emission of e- that amplifies signal

22
Q

main pros and cons of ICP MS

A

pro = multianalyte analysis with less sample and prep

con = cost

23
Q

difference of trivalent and hexavalent chromium

A

3 = essential for human fxn
6 = non essential

24
Q

where is a source for selenium

A

soil - animals will have feed w selenium if soil does not contain

25
Q

what is the cause of wilsons disease and how to solve it

A

autosomal recessive of copper metabolism issue = accumulation in liver, brain, kidney and eyes

kidney - low serum but high urine copper
cornea - kayser flesicher rings

fixed with zinc therapy

26
Q

what causes Menkes disease

A

sex linked recessive of copper absorption decrease

fixed with copper supplements

27
Q

what are children more susceptible to in lead

A

neurotoxicity = 50% absorbed - 30% retained

28
Q

Cannibis name for THC

A

tetrahydrocannabinol THC

29
Q

what is the most effect way for THC to enter the body

A

smoking

30
Q

how is THC eliminated from the body

A

70% of dose gone in 3 days (40% feces, 30% uriene)

31
Q

how long will someone test pos

A

occasional = days
chronic use = months

32
Q

what do we analyze for urine, blood, and oral fluid for THC

A

urine = carboxylic metabolite

blood or oral = THC itself

33
Q

what is the most effective way for THC to reach max concentration

A

edibles (delayed effects compared to smoking)

34
Q

T/F oral fluid is NOT a reliable indicator of blood THC

A

T - NOT a reliable predictor

35
Q

what pharmacodynamic effects can weed give

A

alter time perception, lack concetration and impair memory

36
Q

why does edibles have lower bioabailability

A

degredation in stomach = first pass

37
Q

what is medical marijuana used for

A

anti-hypertensives (less throw up)

38
Q

purpose of cannabis act

A

controlling production, distribution, sale, and possession of weed

protects the youth - under 18

39
Q

how much cannibis plants can you have in one residence

A

4

40
Q

federal vs provincial responsibilityes

A

federal
- requirements for growers
- standards for farmers

provicial
- license and distribution of weed

41
Q

what test are done for suspicion of impairment

A

field sobreity test
walk and turn test
one leg stand

42
Q

what cross reactivities in THC

A

pantoprazole

43
Q

what does the Drug recognition expert perform on suscpicoin on impairment

A

12 step evaluation

44
Q

T/F is a lower conc of weed with alcohol a higher offence than low weed itself

A

T

45
Q

what is the cut off for oral fluid (after smoking)

A

2-4 hrs

46
Q

what is the cut off for whoel blood (after smoking)

A

residual concentrations exist depending on chronic use so we cannot have a time frame

47
Q

what vacutainer is used for ICP MS

A

royal blue top - free from metals

MLSCI 466 Final (4 decks)

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