ICP Flashcards
normal ICP
0-15
ICP is created by
blood, brain, CSF
normal MAP
70-100
pressure in arteries in 1 cardiac cycle
MAP
MAP calculation
2(DBP) + SBP/3
the pressure that pushes the blood to the brain, hence influences cerebral blood flow
cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
low cerebral perfusion pressure means
brain tissue death
normal CPP
60-100
CPP calculation
MAP - ICP
abnormal accumulation of water or fluid in the intra or extra cellular space
cerebral edema
why does lower blood sugar cause lower LOC
brain uses 25% of bodies glucose
earliest signs of ICP
CHANGES IN LOC, slowing speech, delayed response to verbal command
cushings triad
bradypnea (or random breathing), bradycardia, HTN (widening pulse pressure up to 40)
signs of increased ICP
HTN, low PR, low RR
signs of shock
low BP, tachycardia, high RR
always report
decorticate and decerbrate (worse)
mannitol admin
admin via filtere tubing, I/O a must, watch for pulmonary edema and HF
what enhances mannitol effect
furosemide (lasix)
furosemide (Lasix) admin to help
lower edema and blood volume, lower sodium uptate in the brain, lower CSF production
corticosteriods for ICP because?
cerebral edema
management of ICP
injury prevention, assess ABG, log rolling, HOB 30 degrees, hydration, neurostatus q hour, strict I/O, head and neck in neutral position (avoid flexion), MAINTAIN BODY TEMP, no high peep,
in ICP don’t suction for more than
15 seconds
what is used for ICP monitoring
extra ventricular drain or ventriculostomies
give to vent patients to keep them calm
morphine, fentanyl, midazolam (Versed), propofol, lorazepam (Ativan)
used for seizures
dilantin (phenytoin sodium)
used for stress ulcers
rantidine (Zantac), pantoprazole (Protonix), famotidine (Pepcid)
what treats DI
desmopressin
treatment for SIADH
fluid restriction, (800 ml/day no free water), 3% NACL infusion if NA level is below 118
hypoxia is a potent
vasodilator. With hypoxia, blood flow increase to brain and therefore ICP
low PaCO2 means?
vasoconstriction
high PaCO2 is a potent
vasodilator
