ICND2 Section 1 - LAN Switching Flashcards

1
Q

3 problems caused by not using STP

A
  1. Broadcast Storms
  2. MAC table instability
  3. Multiple copies of the same frame delivered to a host.
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2
Q

What types of packets are processed by a port in Blocking?

A

STP control traffic only

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3
Q

4 general steps for a switched network to get from nothing to full STP convergence

A
  1. Elect a root switch
  2. Select the root ports
  3. Select the Designated ports
  4. Select the Blocked ports
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4
Q

What does BPDU stand for?

A

Bridge Protocol Data Unit

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5
Q

What is the BID?

How is it calculated?

A

Bridge ID

2 byte priority field + 6 byte system ID (BIA)

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6
Q

For STP, is higher or lower priority better?

A

Lower

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7
Q

In STP, if the priority is equal, what is used to determine the root bridge?

A

The lowest System ID, aka MAC address used in the BID

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8
Q

How is cost to the root bridge calculated?

A

The sum of all ports exited to reach the root bridge

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9
Q

How does a switch determine it’s neighbor’s cost to get to the root bridge?

A

It’s a value listed in the neighbor’s BPDU root cost.

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10
Q

What is the default bridge priority?

A

32768

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11
Q

STP IEEE standard?

A

802.1D

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12
Q

Time interval for BPDUs

A

2 seconds

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13
Q

4 STP port states

A

Listening
Learning
Forwarding
Blocking

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14
Q

Roughly speaking, what is used to calculate STP port cost

A

Port Speed

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15
Q

What is a switch doing while a port is in Listening

A

Listening for and processing BPDUs, trying to see if it gets any info that would cause it to go to a Blocking state.

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16
Q

Does a switch populate the MAC table while in Listening?

A

No

17
Q

What is a switch doing in Learning?

A

Learning source MAC addresses and populating the MAC address table, preparatory to beginning Forwarding.

18
Q
Default STP port costs for the following speeds:
10M
100M
1G
10G
A
10M = 100
100M = 19
1G = 4
10G = 2
19
Q

When a non-root switch receives a Hello BPDU, what does it change before forwarding it on?

A

It adds it’s root cost to the root cost present in the BPDU.

20
Q

What are the 3 types of BPDUs?

A

Hello BPDU
CBDPU - Configuration BPDU
TCN BPDU - Topology Change Notification BPDU

21
Q

Command to configure an etherchannel

A

conf t
interface int
channel-group group number mode on

22
Q

Command to show the status of an etherchannel

A

show etherchannel group number

23
Q

What are the 2 protocols that can be used to create dynamic etherchannels?

A

PAgP

LACP

24
Q

What does PAgP stand for?

A

Port Aggregation Protocol

25
Q

What does LACP stand for?

A

Link Aggregation Control Protocol

26
Q

What is the IEEE standard for PAgP and LACP?

A

PAgP is Cisco proprietary

LACP is 802.1ad

27
Q

Syntax to enable PAgP on a interface

A

conf t
int gi1/0
channel-group group number mode {desirable | auto}

28
Q

Syntax to enable LACP on a interface

A

conf t
int gi1/0
channel-group group number mode {active | passive}

29
Q

In PAgP configurations, what does the keyword desirable tell the switch to do vs auto?

A

It tells the switch “use this protocol and begin negotiations”
versus “use this protocol and wait for the other switch to begin negotiations.”

30
Q

In LACP configurations, what does the keyword active tell the switch to do vs passive?

A

It tells the switch “use this protocol and begin negotiations”
versus “use this protocol and wait for the other switch to begin negotiations.”

31
Q

What happens with an etherchannel where both sides are set to either auto or passive?

A

It won’t come up, because both sides are waiting for the other to begin negotiations.