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ICM > ICM Year 2 > Flashcards

ICM Year 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the issue here? Likely cause?

A

Impetigo

Staph aureus

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2
Q

What is the issue here?

What is the classic area afflicted?

A

Eczema

Flexure areas, head and neck

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3
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

rapidly expanding, painless ulcerating nodule

potential to metastasize

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4
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Plaque psoriasis

scaly reddened patches, with accumulation of skin, giving silvery appearance

elbows, knees, usually lateral side

psoriatic arthritis in 30% of affected patients

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5
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Erythema multiforme

“target lesions”

IBD, TB, pregnancy, collagen vascular disorder, herpes simplex, vit C def, typhoid

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6
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Erythema nodosum

Most commonly an underlying Streptococcus infection, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, IBD

TB

GI infections - Salmonella spp, Campylobacter spp,

Yersinia spp

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7
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Varicella Zoster - shingles

treat with aciclovir

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8
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Ringworm (Tinea corporis)

fungus, not a worm!

topical antifungal cream

oral itraconazole (scalp)

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9
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Pretibial myxoedema

associated with Grave’s disease

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10
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Thyroglossal duct cyst

Moves upwards on protrusion of the tongue

75% in the midline

surgical resection likely

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11
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Butterfly rash

SLE

Pellagra

Dermatomyositis

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12
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Arteriovenous fistula

SDurgically created for dialysis (stage 5 CKD)

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Splinter haemorrhages

bacterial endocarditis

peptic ulcers

SLE

OCP

Trauma

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14
Q

What is this?

A

Koilonychia

Iron deficienct anaemia

Haemochromatosis

SLE

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15
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Anal fissure

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16
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Pilonidal sinus abscess

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17
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Genital warts

HPV

transmitted by sexual contact. Anal sex NOT necessary to have them around the anus

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18
Q

What is this?

Where exactly is it?

A

Kayser-Fleischer ring

Copper accumulation (Wilson’s)

Descemet’s membrane (inner surface of cornea)

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19
Q

Asthma history. What should you ask about?

A

Precipitants

Smoking

Occupation (esp if better at weekends etc)

Diurnal variation

Sleep- nights per week

Acid reflux

Atophy

NSAIDs, Beta blockers

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20
Q

What is this?

A

Spitz nevus

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21
Q

What is this?

A

Pyogenic granuloma

22
Q

You take a history from a female patient who has a GU issue. What 7 questions MUST MUST MUST you ask?

A

Age, Parity, LMP, Last smear (and any abnormal), PID, contraception

23
Q

You are about to take a history from a surgical patient. Under drugs, what 2 things MUST MUST MUST you ask about? Other than allergies!

A

Aspirin and warfarin!

24
Q

What is the issue here?

A

Acute otitis media - the tympanic membrane is red and swollen.

Think fluid levels, fever, pain after an URTI

25
Q

What is this (on the ring finger)? What condition might the patient have?

A

An Osler’s node

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

26
Q

What is the definition of acute otitis media? What causes it?

A

The acute inflammation of the middle ear muscosa, with fluid collection

Blockage of the auditory tube leads to the build-up and supperation of fluid in the tympanic cavity

27
Q

What is the risk with marginal (involving the annulus) tympanic perforations in chronic otitis media?

A

The annulus acts to prevent squamous epithelium migrating into the middle ear - therefore these perforations are more commonly associated with cholesteatoma

28
Q

What is this?

A

Cholesteatoma

29
Q

What is the correct term for eczema?

A

Atopic dermatitis

30
Q

What is this?

A

Onycholysis - think hyperthyroidism

31
Q

What is this?

What three factors might predispose to it?

A

Anal fissure

Dehydration

Constipation/straining to pass stools

Low fibre diet

32
Q

What is this? How are they transmitted?

A

Genital warts - HPV

Sexually - NOT necessarily to have anal intercourse

33
Q

What is this? What is the MOST common cause?

A

Paediatric Rectal Prolaspe

Think:

malnutrition

Ehlers-Danlos

Pertussis

Chronic constipation

CF

NMJ disorders

Hirschsprung disease

34
Q

What is this?

A

Pilonidal sinus

35
Q

What is this?

A

Haemorrhoid grade 3 or 4 (the latter if they cannot be reduced)

Caused by: constipation, aging, hereditary

Symptoms:

blood, itching, discharge, pain

Treatment:

Topical creams, sclerotherapy, banding

36
Q

At what age can you start doing reliable PEFR and spirometry tests?

A

5

37
Q

BTS guidelines on PEFR as a guage of severity of asthma attack. What are they?

A

Moderate 75-50%

Severe - 33-50%

Life threatening -

38
Q

With regard to CT, what would appear denser than the brain?

A

Acute haemorrhage

Calcification

39
Q

With regard to CT, what would appear less dense than the brain?

A

Old infarcted tissue

old blood

water

40
Q

What is this?

A

Acute intracerebral haematoma

41
Q

What is this?

A

Acute intraventricular haematoma

42
Q

What is this?

A

Acute extra-dural haematoma

43
Q

What is this?

A

Acute sub-dural haematoma

44
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Acute on chonic sub-dural haematoma

45
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Acute sub arachnoid haemorrhage

46
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Calcification of the basal ganglia

47
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Right MCA occlusion leading to infarct

48
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Acute intracerebral haemorrhage

49
Q

What is a topical treatment for anal fissures?

A

Diltiazem 2%

50
Q

What is this? What else might they have?

A

Periungal fibroma

think tuberous sclerosis complex

ICM (2 decks)

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