ICM Year 2 Flashcards
What is the issue here? Likely cause?
Impetigo
Staph aureus
What is the issue here?
What is the classic area afflicted?
Eczema
Flexure areas, head and neck
What is the issue here?
Squamous cell carcinoma
rapidly expanding, painless ulcerating nodule
potential to metastasize
What is the issue here?
Plaque psoriasis
scaly reddened patches, with accumulation of skin, giving silvery appearance
elbows, knees, usually lateral side
psoriatic arthritis in 30% of affected patients
What is the issue here?
Erythema multiforme
“target lesions”
IBD, TB, pregnancy, collagen vascular disorder, herpes simplex, vit C def, typhoid
What is the issue here?
Erythema nodosum
Most commonly an underlying Streptococcus infection, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, IBD
TB
GI infections - Salmonella spp, Campylobacter spp,
Yersinia spp
What is the issue here?
Varicella Zoster - shingles
treat with aciclovir
What is the issue here?
Ringworm (Tinea corporis)
fungus, not a worm!
topical antifungal cream
oral itraconazole (scalp)
What is the issue here?
Pretibial myxoedema
associated with Grave’s disease
What is the issue here?
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Moves upwards on protrusion of the tongue
75% in the midline
surgical resection likely
What is the issue here?
Butterfly rash
SLE
Pellagra
Dermatomyositis
What is the issue here?
Arteriovenous fistula
SDurgically created for dialysis (stage 5 CKD)
What is this?
Splinter haemorrhages
bacterial endocarditis
peptic ulcers
SLE
OCP
Trauma
What is this?
Koilonychia
Iron deficienct anaemia
Haemochromatosis
SLE
What is the issue here?
Anal fissure
What is the issue here?
Pilonidal sinus abscess
What is the issue here?
Genital warts
HPV
transmitted by sexual contact. Anal sex NOT necessary to have them around the anus
What is this?
Where exactly is it?
Kayser-Fleischer ring
Copper accumulation (Wilson’s)
Descemet’s membrane (inner surface of cornea)
Asthma history. What should you ask about?
Precipitants
Smoking
Occupation (esp if better at weekends etc)
Diurnal variation
Sleep- nights per week
Acid reflux
Atophy
NSAIDs, Beta blockers
What is this?
Spitz nevus
What is this?
Pyogenic granuloma
You take a history from a female patient who has a GU issue. What 7 questions MUST MUST MUST you ask?
Age, Parity, LMP, Last smear (and any abnormal), PID, contraception
You are about to take a history from a surgical patient. Under drugs, what 2 things MUST MUST MUST you ask about? Other than allergies!
Aspirin and warfarin!
What is the issue here?
Acute otitis media - the tympanic membrane is red and swollen.
Think fluid levels, fever, pain after an URTI
What is this (on the ring finger)? What condition might the patient have?
An Osler’s node
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
What is the definition of acute otitis media? What causes it?
The acute inflammation of the middle ear muscosa, with fluid collection
Blockage of the auditory tube leads to the build-up and supperation of fluid in the tympanic cavity
What is the risk with marginal (involving the annulus) tympanic perforations in chronic otitis media?
The annulus acts to prevent squamous epithelium migrating into the middle ear - therefore these perforations are more commonly associated with cholesteatoma
What is this?
Cholesteatoma
What is the correct term for eczema?
Atopic dermatitis
What is this?
Onycholysis - think hyperthyroidism
What is this?
What three factors might predispose to it?
Anal fissure
Dehydration
Constipation/straining to pass stools
Low fibre diet
What is this? How are they transmitted?
Genital warts - HPV
Sexually - NOT necessarily to have anal intercourse
What is this? What is the MOST common cause?
Paediatric Rectal Prolaspe
Think:
malnutrition
Ehlers-Danlos
Pertussis
Chronic constipation
CF
NMJ disorders
Hirschsprung disease
What is this?
Pilonidal sinus
What is this?
Haemorrhoid grade 3 or 4 (the latter if they cannot be reduced)
Caused by: constipation, aging, hereditary
Symptoms:
blood, itching, discharge, pain
Treatment:
Topical creams, sclerotherapy, banding
At what age can you start doing reliable PEFR and spirometry tests?
5
BTS guidelines on PEFR as a guage of severity of asthma attack. What are they?
Moderate 75-50%
Severe - 33-50%
Life threatening -
With regard to CT, what would appear denser than the brain?
Acute haemorrhage
Calcification
With regard to CT, what would appear less dense than the brain?
Old infarcted tissue
old blood
water
What is this?
Acute intracerebral haematoma
What is this?
Acute intraventricular haematoma
What is this?
Acute extra-dural haematoma
What is this?
Acute sub-dural haematoma
Diagnosis?
Acute on chonic sub-dural haematoma
Diagnosis?
Acute sub arachnoid haemorrhage
Diagnosis?
Calcification of the basal ganglia
Diagnosis?
Right MCA occlusion leading to infarct
Diagnosis?
Acute intracerebral haemorrhage
What is a topical treatment for anal fissures?
Diltiazem 2%
What is this? What else might they have?
Periungal fibroma
think tuberous sclerosis complex
