ICM - Skin/Nails/Head Pathology Images Flashcards
Terry’s Nails. Mostly white with a distal band of reddish brown. Cause - Aging, Chronic disease such as cirrhosis
Psoriasis. Plaque. Elevated, palpable, > 1 cm.
Petechiae. Deep red/purple-red lesions < 0.5 cm. Non-blanchable. Represent blood outside of vessel. Seen with infections and bleeding disorders
Atopic dermatitis - Lichenification. Thickening and roughening of the skin, usually from rubbing. Increased visibility of skin markings.
Onychomycosis - Fungal infection of nail bed, plate or matrix. Cause - Occlusive footwear, locker room exposure
Paronychia - Acute or chronic inflammation of the proximal & lateral nail folds. Nail folds swollen, reddened, tender. Cause - Frequent immersion in water, Nail biting
Tinea Capitis. Round scaling patches. Hair broken off close to surface of scalp Usually caused by fungal infection
Leukonychia. Trauma to nails causing areas of white discoloration. Cause - Trauma, Repeated manicuring
Wheal. Irregular, transient, superficial edema. Examples - Hives (Urticaria), Allergic reaction
Hemorrhagic bullae
Spider Angioma. Central body with radiating legs. Seen with liver disease; may be normal.
Cherry angiomas. Bright –red papules, 1-3 mm size. Seen on the trunk. Don’t blanch. Associated with aging
Malignant Melanoma - A – asymmetry B – borders (irregular) C – color (variegated) D – diameter > 6mm E – evolution Some add, F – “funny looking”
Onycholysis - Painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. Causes - Most common - trauma to long finger nails. Other - psoriasis
Rheumatoid nodules. Less than 0.5 cm, Deeper than a papule, Height greater than width.
Beau’s Lines. Transverse depressions secondary to trauma or systemic illness. Lines grow out with the nail 1mm every 6-10 days
Squamous cell carcinoma. 16% of skin cancers. Crusted hyperkeratotic; inflammed or ulcerated appearing. Rare metastasis
Strawberry hemangioma. Red, irregular lesion secondary to dilation of dermal capillaries. May start as a macule or patch, then progress to nodule.
Telangectasias. Fine, irregular red lines secondary to dilation of capillaries. Seen with basal cell carcinomas, sun damaged skin, rosacea.
Basal cell carcinoma. 80% of all skin cancers. Sun-exposed head/neck. classic pearly papules + telangectasias; sometimes rolled borders. grow slow; almost never metastasize.
Clubbing - Rounded, bulbous nail base. Feels spongy. Causes - Chronic hypoxia, Congenital heart disease, Lung cancer
Onychocryptosis. INGROWN TOENAIL, Usually involving the large toe. Nail grows into the dermis. Cause - Improperly cutting nails, Tight shoes
