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ICM > ICM - Skin Abnormals > Flashcards

ICM - Skin Abnormals Flashcards

1
Q

Fine, short, nonpigmented adult hair. Growth not affected by hormones.

A

Vellus Hair,

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1
Q

Trauma to nails causing areas of white discoloration. Cause: Trauma, Repeated manicuring

A

Leukonychia

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2
Q

Up to 1.0 cm, Filled with serous fluid

A

Vesicle

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2
Q

Loss of superficial epidermis. Heals without scarring. Examples: Ruptured blister

A

Erosion

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3
Q

ABC’s of Malignant Melanoma

A

A – asymmetry B – borders (irregular) C – color (variegated) D – diameter > 6mm E – evolution Some add: F – “funny looking”

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4
Q

Pressue Sore staging

A

Level 1 though four. Two is into subcutaneous, three into muscle, four down to bone.

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4
Q

Transverse depressions secondary to trauma or systemic illness. Lines grow out with the nail 1mm every 6-10 days

A

Beau’s Lines

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5
Q

Fungal infection of nail bed, plate or matrix. Cause: Occlusive footwear, locker room exposure

A

Onychomycosis

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6
Q

Red, irregular lesion secondary to dilation of dermal capillaries. May start as a macule or patch, then progress to nodule. Example: “Strawberry hemangioma”

A

Hemangioma

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6
Q

Rounded, bulbous nail base. Feels spongy. Causes: Chronic hypoxia, Congenital heart disease, Lung cancer

A

clubbing

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6
Q

Painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. Causes: - Most common: trauma to long finger nails. Other: psoriasis

A

Onycholysis

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8
Q

Elevated, Filled with pus. Examples: Fire ant bites (photo), Acne.

A

Pustule

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10
Q

Flat, non-palpable, <1 cm in diameter, Variable color. Example: Freckles

A

Macule

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11
Q

A thin flake of exfoliated epidermis. Example: Dandruff, Pityriasis rosea

A

Scale

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11
Q

80% of all skin cancers. Sun-exposed head/neck. classic pearly papules + telangectasias; sometimes rolled borders. grow slow; almost never metastasize.

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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12
Q

Definition: Flat, non palpable, > 1 cm in diameter. Examples: Café au lait spots, Vitiligo

A

Patch

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13
Q

Mostly white with a distal band of reddish brown. Cause: Aging, Chronic disease such as cirrhosis

A

Terry’s Nails

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14
Q

Autoimmune hair loss. Smooth; no broken hairs

A

Alopecia Areata

15
Q

HARRM Risk Factors for Melanoma

A

History of previous melanoma. Age > 50. Regular dermatologist absent. Mole changing. Male gender

17
Q

Abrasion or scratch mark. May be linear or rounded. Usually due to scratching. Examples: Scabies, Atopic dermatitis, Dry skin, Cutting, Skin picking.

A

Excoriation

19
Q

Deeper loss of epidermis and dermis. May bleed, Heals with scarring. Example: Decubitus/Pressure sores.

A

Ulcer

19
Q

Acute or chronic inflammation of the proximal & lateral nail folds. Nail folds swollen, reddened, & tender. Cause - Frequent immersion in water, Nail biting

A

Paronychia

20
Q

Deep red/purple-red lesions < 0.5 cm. Non-blanchable. Represent blood outside of vessel. Seen with infections and bleeding disorders

A

Petechiae

22
Q

Irregular, transient, superficial edema. Examples: Hives (Urticaria), Allergic reaction

A

Wheal

23
Q

Up to 1 cm, Palpable. Examples: Warts, Nevi (moles)

A

Papule

23
Q

Additional Melanoma Risk Factors

A

>50 common moles. >1-4 atypical or unusual moles. Red or light hair. Actinic lentigines (sun spots). Heavy sun exposure / severe childhood burns. Light eye/skin color (freckles/burns easy. FMHx of melanoma

23
Q

Round scaling patches. Hair broken off close to surface of scalp Usually caused by fungal infection

A

Tinea Capitis

24
Q

Elevated, palpable, > 1 cm. Examples:, Psoriasis

A

Plaque

25
Q

Greater than 1.0 cm, Filled with serous fluid. Examples: 2nd degree burns. Blisters.

A

Bulla

27
Q

Bright –red papules, 1-3 mm size. Seen on the trunk. Don’t blanch. Associated with aging

A

Cherry Angiomas

29
Q

Fine, irregular red lines secondary to dilation of capillaries. Seen with basal cell carcinomas, sun damaged skin, rosacea

A

Telangectasias

30
Q

Thinning of skin with loss of normal skin markings. Skin looks shinier and more translucent. Examples: Stretch marks / striae (photo). Topical steroid use.

A

Atrophy

32
Q

Purple lesions of variable size. Fade to green, yellow, brown. Represent blood outside of vessels due to trauma or bleeding disorder

A

Bruising

33
Q

INGROWN TOENAIL, Usually involving the large toe. Nail grows into the dermis. Cause: Improperly cutting nails, Tight shoes

A

Onychocryptosis

34
Q

Dried residue of serum, pus, or blood.

A

Crust

35
Q

Deep red/purple-red lesions > 0.5 cm. Nonblanchable. Example: Vasculitis, Henoch schonleinpupura, ITP

A

Purpura

36
Q

> 0.5 cm, Deeper than a papule, Height > width. Example: Rheumatoid nodules, Lipomas

A

Nodule

38
Q

Central body with radiating legs. Seen with liver disease; may be normal.

A

Spider Angiomas

39
Q

Thickening and roughening of the skin, usually from rubbing. Increased visibility of skin markings.

A

Lichenification

40
Q

Hair loss from pulling, plucking, twisting hair. Hair shafts broken and varying lengths. More common in children, psychosocial stress

A

Trichotillomania

41
Q

Linear crack, or break, from the epidermis to the dermis Examples: Eczema, Tinea pedis, Angular cheilitis

A

Fissure

42
Q

16% of skin cancers. Crusted hyperkeratotic; inflammed or ulcerated appearing. Rare metastasis

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

43
Q

A large nodule, Deeper in the dermis, >2 cm

A

Tumor

ICM (3 decks)

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