ICL 12.4: Multidisciplinary Management of Cancer in the Clinic Flashcards
what is the most common staging system?
TNM staging
T: tumor
N: node
M: metastasis
there’s also Anne Arbor for lymphomas and other staging systems
what is TNM system?
T: tumor size or anatomic extent
N: number of lymph nodes involved or levels or loco regional nodes involved
M: metastases beyond loco regional site
how does radiation treatment work?
radiation that causes DNA damage by:
- direct interaction of electrons with DNA
- indirect damage when an electron interacts with water to produce a hydroxyl radical which in turn damages the DNA
what are the roles of radiation treatment in oncology?
- definitive therapy +/- concurrent chemo
- neoadjuvant (pre-op) therapy
- adjuvant (post-op) therapy
- agressive local therapy for areas that are being stubborn if there’s mets everywhere
which cancers can radiation be used as a definitive therapy?
- prostate cancer
- early stage head and neck cancer
- stage III lung cancer
- early stage lung cancer
which cancers is radiation used as a neoadjuvant therapy?
aka pre-op therapy
- rectal cancer
- esophageal cancer
tries to shrink tumor before surgery
which cancers is radiation used as a adjuvant therapy?
aka post-op therapy
- breast cancer
tries to keep the tumor from coming back after surgery
which cancers have the highest new incidence rates in men?
- prostate
- lung
- colon
which cancers have the highest new incidence rates in women?
- breast
- lung
- colon
which cancers have the highest death rate in men?
- lung
- prostate
- colon
which cancers have the highest death rate in women?
- lung
- breast
- colon
what’s the most common cancer worldwide?
lung
what is PET scan?
full body CAT scan where the patient get a radioactive labeled isotope that’s tagged to something
active tissues will uptake whatever got injected into the person
what is SRS/SBRT?
high intensity beams of radiation on very specific parts = high precision
