IC Ch 16&17 Flashcards
Needs oxygen to live and grow
Aerobic
Able to live and grow only in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic
An agent that is able to kill or destroy bacteria
Bactericides
Microorganisms take up residence and grow.
Colonization
An infection that was present or incubating before the patient came in contact with healthcare
Community Associated Infection
Transmission of infectious microorganisms from one person or object to another
Cross Contamination
Propagation of living organisms or tissue in special media conducive to their growth.
Culture
An agent that reduces the number of viable microorganisms
Disinfectant
A heat stable toxin associated with the outer membranes of certain gram negative bacteria that is released when the cells are disrupted
Endotoxin
An unstable, highly toxic by product of select microorganisms that can be found in both gram positive and gram negative bacteria
Exotoxins
Fluid in or on tissue surfaces that has escaped from blood vessels in response to inflammation and that contains protein and cellular debris
Exudate
Bacteria that lose the stain in the gram method of staining
Gram negative
Bacteria that retain the stain in the gram method of staining
Gram positive
Infection that was not present or incubating on admission to a health care facility; acquired during hospitalization
Health care associated infection
An animal or plant that harbors and provides sustenance for another organism
Host
Invasion and multiplication in body tissues of microorganisms that cause cellular energy
Infection
Localized response caused by injury or destruction of tissues that serves to contain the injurious agent and injured tissue
Inflammation
Increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood, resulting from infection or other causes
Leukocytes is
Cells capable of ingesting particulate matter
Phagocytes
The engulfing of microorganisms and foreign particles by phagocytes
Phagocytosis
Oval bodies formed within bacteria as a resting stage during the life cycle of the cell; characterized by resistance to environmental changes.
Spores
A poison; a poisonous protein produced by certain bacteria
Toxin
Carrier that transports an infective agent from one host to another, such as animals, insects and rodents
Vector
Degree to which a microorganism can cause infection in the host or invade the host.
Virulence
Duration of a surgical scrub
2-4 min
Stages of infection
Incubation
Prodromal
Illness
Convalescent
What would the reservoir be for pneumonia
Lung
Sequence of the inflammatory response
Cell Injury Vasodilation Redness Edema Release of histamine
Small round or rod shaped microorganisms that are transmitted by nites of lice, ticks, fleas, and mites
Rickettsia
Ex Rocky Mountain Fever
Extremely small and can be seen only with an electron microscope, can replicate and grow only in a living cell
Viruses
Protein particles that lack nucleus acids and are not inactivated by usual methods of destroying bacteria or viruses
Prions
Ex mad cow disease
Parasitic worms or flukes belonging to the animal kingdom
Helminths
Ex pin worms
Tiny primitive organisms of the plant kingdom that contain no chlorophyll
Fungi
Ex yeast and molds
One called microscopic organisms belonging to the animal kingdom
Protozoa
Ex malaria
Protection transferred from mother to fetus is
Natural passive immunity
Receiving covid vaccine is what type of immunity
Artificial active immunity
What type of precautions for measles
Airborne
Influenza is what type of precaution
Droplet
C diff patient should be on what precautions
Contact
Must wash with soap and water
