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Gastroenetrology > IBD clinical > Flashcards

IBD clinical Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 idiopathic chronic inflammatory diseases?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s disease

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2
Q

What is the difference in clinical presentation of Crohns and ulcerative colitis?

A

Crohns - abdominal pain and peri-anal disease

Ulcerative colitis - Diarrhoea and Bleeding

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3
Q

What two countries have the highest incedence of IBD?

A

America

Britain

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4
Q

What are the 3 factors that contribute to IBD?

A

Genetic predisposition
Mucosal immune system
Environmental triggers

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5
Q

What is the incedence of UC?

A

10/100000

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6
Q

What are the three names for the areas that Ulcerative colitis effects?

A

Proctitis
Left-sided colitis
Pancolitis

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of UC?

A 
Diarrhoea + Bleeding 
Increased bowel frequency
Urgencuy
Tenesmus
Incontinence
Night rising
LIF Pain
Constipation
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8
Q

What are the important facts in the history for diagnosing UC??

A 
Recent Travel
Antibiotics
NSAID's
Family history
Smoking
Skin, eyes, joints
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9
Q

What is the % risk of colectomy in sever ulcerative colitis?

A

30%

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10
Q

According the Truelove and Witt criteria what is severe ulcerative colitits?

A 
>6 bloody stools/24hrs
\+ 1 or more of:
Fever
Tachycardia
Anaemia
Elevated ESR
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11
Q

What further investigations must be done for UC?

A

Bloods: CRP and Albumin
Plain AXR
Endoscopy
Histology

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12
Q

What is looked for in an AXR?

A

Stool distribution - abscency in inflamed colon
Mucosal oedema/thumb-printing
Toxic megacolon - transverve > 5.5cm, Caecum >9cm

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13
Q

What is looked for on endoscopy?

A

Confluent inflammation extending proximally from anal margin to transition zone
Loss of vessel pattern
Granular mucosa
Contact bleeding

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14
Q

Can pseudopolyps occur in UC?

A

yes

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15
Q

What are the changes in histology that occur in UC?

A

Absence of goblet cells
Crypt distortion and abcess
Affecting the mucosal layer only

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16
Q

What does UC increase the risk of?

A 
Colorectal cancer 
determined by:
severity of inflammation
Duration of disease
Disease extent
17
Q

What are the sites of extra intestinal manifestations of UC?

A 
Skin
Joints
Eyes
Deranged LFT's
Oxalate renal stones
18
Q

What does PSC stand for?

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

19
Q

What is PSC?

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the biliary tree

20
Q

What percentage of people with PSC have IBD?

A

80%

21
Q

What are signs of PSC?

A

Cholestatic LFTs
Itch
Rigors
Asymptomatic

22
Q

Crohns disease is more commonly diagnosed over the age of 40? True/False

A

False

90% before age 40

23
Q

Where in the GI can crohns affect?

A

Anywhere from mouth to anus

24
Q

What is peri-anal disease?

A

Recurrent abscess formation
Pain
Fistula with persistent leakage
Damaged Sphincters

Gastroenetrology (17 decks)

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