Benign conditions of the large bowel Flashcards
What are the 5 most common Large bowel diseases?
Carcinoma of the colon and rectum Colonic polyps Crohns colitis and ulcerative colitis Diverticular disease Functional disorders
What are the 4 less common large bowel diseases?
Colonic volvulus
Colonic angiodysplasia
Ischaemic colitis
Pseudo-obstruction
What is diverticular disease?
Muscle herniation through the muscle coat of the sigmoid colon
Causes low fibre intake
What are the clinical features of diverticulis?
LIF pain
Sepsis
Altered bowel habits
What is the diagnostic tool for diverticulosis?
Sigmoidoscopy
Barium enema
What are the complications of diverticular disease?
Pericolic abscess Perforation Haemorrhage Fistula Stricture
What is the classification for acute diverticulitis and how many stages are there?
Hinchey classification
Stage 0 to Stage IV
What is the treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis?
NO IV fluids
NO IV antibiotics - Oral
NO Bowel rest
What is the treatment for complex diverticulitis?
Hartmann’s procedure
Primary resection/ anastomosis
Pericutaneous drainage
Laparoscopic Lavage and drainage
What are the causes of acute and chronic colitis?
Infective colitis
Ulcerative colitis
Crohns colitis
Ischaemic colitis
What are the symptoms of colitis?
Diarrhea +/- blood Abdominal cramps Dehydration Sepsis Weight loss Anaemia
What is used in the diagnosis of colitis?
Plain X-Ray
Sigmoidoscopy + biopsy
Stool cultures
Barium enema
What is the treatment for ulcerative/crohn’s colitis?
IV fluid IV steroids once infective/ischaemic is ruled out GI rest Rescue medical therapy Surgery
Who is ishaemic colitis most common?
Elderly
Arteriopaths
What occurs in ischaemic colitis?
Acute or chronic occlusion in the Inferior mesenteric artery
