IBD Flashcards
What medication can reduce the risk of dysplasia and neoplasia in ulcerative colitis?
Oral mesalazine therapy
What technique is best used to detect dysplasia in the colon?
Targeted biopsies stained with indigo carmine or methylene blue
What medication can reduce the risk of cancer in both UC and CD?
Azathioprine
What are the serological tests for diagnosing IBD?
FBC (anemia from bleeding)
ESR/CRP
Nutritional status (malabsorption)
Fecal calprotectin
How is bacteriology carried out in diagnosing IBD?
Stool microscopy, culture and examination
What endoscopy techniques are used to diagnose IBD?
Ileocolonoscopy
Upper GI endoscopy (in CD - common in kids)
Wireless capsule endoscopy (in CD to look for small bowel inflammation)
What imaging technique is used to diagnose CD?
MRI enterography
What other imaging techniques can be carried out?
Plain Xray (toxic megacolon) Ultrasound and CT for complications
What is the outpatient management of UC?
5ASA (aminosalicylates, usually oral but can give rectal in extensive disease)
Systemic corticosteroids
Immunosuppression (i.e. azathioprine)
What is the hospital management of UC?
Anticoagulants
Systemic corticosteroids
Bedrest
Others: Cyclosporins, infliximab
What is the life-long medical management of UC?
Oral 5ASA (mesalazine) or prodrug (sulfalazine)
What is the mainstay treatment of CD?
Corticosteroids: Budenoside, if ineffective give prednisone
What is an equally effective alternative to corticosteroids for treating CD?
Elemental feeding (constituent amino acids) Polymeric feeding (liquid protein)
What is the hospital management of CD?
Biologics: Anti-TNF antibodies: Infliximab or adalimumab
Usually given with thiopurine in induction and maintenance of remission
What is the life-long medical management of CD?
Thiopurines or methotrexate
