I RLLY WQANT DIE Flashcards
kys
Identify the use of litmus (paper & solution) and identify any limitations.
Litmus paper can tell if a solution is basic or acidic but can’t tell you how strong the solution is
Explain how to use an acid-base indicator.
The universal indicator. U put drops of it into a solution and depending on the color u can tell the ph level
Define pH and use it to classify substances as acidic, basic or neutral.
A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
Classification:
Acidic: pH < 7
Neutral: pH = 7
Basic: pH > 7
Describe advantages of using digital methods of measuring pH rather than chemical indicators.
Higher accuracy and resolution
Recall the indicators of a chemical change.
Color change
Formation of gas bubbles
Temperature change
Formation of a solid precipitate
Change in odor
Acids with Metals:
acid + metal → salt + hydrogen gas
Acids with Carbonates:
acid + carbonate →metal salt + water + carbon dioxide
Acids with Bases (Neutralization):
acid + base → salt + water
Define the term isotope.
An isotope is a variant of a chemical element that has:
The same number of protons (same atomic number)
A different number of neutrons
What is the source of natural radioactivity
Decay of unstable nuclei in atoms
Explain the term radioisotope
An isotope that is unstable causing to to release radiation in order to become more stable
alpha symbol
fish
what is an alpha particle
2 proton 2 nutron
what is alpha charge
2+
beta symbol
long b
what is beta p[artivel
nutron split into protn and electon
beta charge
1-
gamma sumbol
funny lookin y
what is it
prorons and nutrons rearagnge in the nuclues of an aton
gamma ray charge
it is an EM wave so no charge
wtf is halflife
half-life is the time it takes for half of the atoms in a radiative isotope to decay
COLISION THEORUY BITCH??
Collision theory states that for a chemical reaction to happen, reactant particles must collide with enough energy (activation energy) and the right orientation
activation energy?
The minimum kinetic energy required for a reaction to occur
Identify different methods for measuring reaction rates.
Gas Volume:
Loss of Mass:
Color Change:
pH Change:
Identify and describe the factors that influence the rate of a chemical reaction.
surface area
temp
concertation
precennce of a catalyst
how does surface are increase the rate of reation
increasing the surface area of a reactant increases the rate of reaction by increasing the frequency of collisions between reactant particles, as more particles are exposed and available to collide2
how does temp increcse rate of eadtiom
ncreasing temperature speeds up reactions by increasing particle collisions and energy, allowing more particles to overcome the activation energy (Ea) barrier, leading to more effective collisions and faster reaction rates.
how does concertation increase the rate of reation
Increasing concentration speeds up reactions by providing more reactant particles, which leads to more frequent collisions. This increases the chances of overcoming the activation energy (Ea), resulting in a faster reaction rate.
how does The presence of a catalyst increase the rate of reation
The presence of a catalyst. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by providing an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy (Ea), without being consumed in the process.
alpha equation
238 234 4
u –> th. +. a
92. 90 2
beta equain
- 0
Na. –>. mg. + B
11 12. -1
- 0
gamma
it the same thing but + Y
